Evaluasi Teknik-Teknik Pemisahan Anomali Gravitasi menggunakan Data Gravitasi Sintetis

Ahmad Rizal, I Putu Putra Wira Sarwa Yudha, Relly Margiono

Abstract


Separating regional and residual anomalies is essential for gravity data interpretation, yet comparative evaluations of separation techniques using noisy three-dimensional (3D) models remain limited. This study compares Butterworth, Moving Average, Upward Continuation, and second-order polynomial methods across three synthetic 3D scenarios: an isolated target, closely spaced sources, and an asymmetric fault contact, contaminated with 5% white Gaussian noise. Optimal parameters were determined through radial average power spectrum (RAPS) analysis. Performance was assessed using four weighted indicators: root mean square error (RMSE), Pearson correlation coefficient (CC), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and regional depth estimation accuracy (%Z). The results show that method performance depends on target geometry. For the isolated target, Moving Average and Butterworth achieved the highest scores of 13 points each. Upward Continuation performed best for closely spaced sources and the asymmetric fault contact, scoring 14 and 13 points, respectively. Accordingly, Moving Average and Butterworth are recommended for simple isolated targets, whereas Upward Continuation is better suited to closely spaced sources and fault boundaries with strong lateral gradients. These findings guide method selection based on target geometry, although further validation using field data is required.


Keywords


Anomaly Separation; Butterworth; Moving Average; Upward Continuation; Polynomial

Full Text:

PDF

References


Dentith, M. C. ., & Mudge, S. T. . (2014). Geophysics for the mineral exploration geoscientist. Cambridge University Press.

Dewanto, B. G., Margiono, R., Segoro, Y. A., Pramesthi, E., & Maimuna, A. K. (2023). The importance of gravity data for estimating and identifying the sediment thickness of subsurface structure around Majene Sulawesi Barat. 050002. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0115361

Dubey, C. P., Majhi, M., & Pandey, L. (2023). Basement relief of sedimentary basin using gravity data from deep neural network approach. J Geol Geophys, 12, 1066.

Fukushima, T. (2020). Speed and accuracy improvements in standard algorithm for prismatic gravitational field. Geophysical Journal International, Volume 222, Issue 3, September 2020, Pages 1898–1908, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa240

Hasanah, M., Syamsuddin, F., Safitri, R., Fadhli, Z., Karmel, M. E. R., & Syukri, M. (2024). Analysis of gravity anomaly data for identification of mineral distribution prospects in the Kuta Cot Glie area, Aceh Besar. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1356(1), 012118. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1356/1/012118

Hinze, W. J. ., Von Frese, R. ., & Saad, A. H. . (2013). Gravity and magnetic exploration : principles, practices, and applications. Cambridge University Press.

Ilapadila, Harimei, B., & Maria. (2019). Analysis of Regional Anomaly on Magnetic Data Using the Upward Continuation Method. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 279(1), 012037. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/279/1/012037

Kearey, Philip., Brooks, Michael., & Hill, Ian. (2009). An Introduction to Geophysical Exploration. Wiley.

Lowrie, William. (2014). Fundamentals of geophysics. Cambridge University Press.

Margiono, R., Novitri, A., Pevriadi, A., & Zakariya, H. (2021). Identifikasi Sesar Lokal di Wilayah Barat Daya Sumba, Indonesia Berdasarkan Sebaran Hiposenter Gempabumi dan Data Gravitasi. Jurnal Meteorologi Dan Geofisika, 22(2), 67. https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v22i2.824

Nagy, D. (1966). The gravitational attraction of a right rectangular prism. Geophysics, 31(2), 362–371.

Narayan, S., Sahoo, S. D., Pal, S. K., & Kumar, U. (2023). Comparative evaluation of five global gravity models over a part of the Bay of Bengal. Advances in Space Research, 71(5), 2416–2436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2022.11.002

Novitri, A., Margiono, R., Pevriadi, A., Zakariya, H., & Segoro, Y. A. (2025). Modeling of Three-Dimensional Subsurface Structures based on Gravity Anomaly in Southwest Sumba Indonesia. Indonesian Physical Review, 8(1), 253–267. https://doi.org/10.29303/ipr.v8i1.388

Purnomo, J., Koesuma, S., & Yunianto, M. (2016). Pemisahan Anomali Regional-Residual pada Metode Gravitasi Menggunakan Metode Moving Average, Polynomial dan Inversion. Indonesian Journal of Applied Physics, 3(01), 10. https://doi.org/10.13057/ijap.v3i01.1208

Raja, A., Tanesib, J., Lapono, L. A. S., & Lewerissa, R. (2025). Integrating High-Resolution Gravity Gradients and 3d Inversion Modeling to Delineate Mineral Resources in The Lewa District, East Sumba, Indonesia. Indonesian Physical Review, 8(3), 712–733. https://doi.org/10.29303/ipr.v8i3.501

Reynolds, J. M. . (2011). An introduction to applied and environmental geophysics. Wiley-Blackwell.

Segoro, Y. A., & Margiono, R. (2025). Identification Sub-Surface Structure and Sediment Depth Estimation at the Proposed Indonesian New Capital City. Indonesian Journal of Applied Physics, 15(2), 409. https://doi.org/10.13057/ijap.v15i2.96059

Suprianto, A., Supriyadi, Priyantari, N., & Eko Cahyono, B. (2021). Correlation Between GGMPlus, Topex and BGI Gravity Data in Volcanic Areas of Java Island. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1825(1), 012023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1825/1/012023

Tan, L. & Jiang, J. (2019). Digital Signal Processing - Fundamentals and Applications (3rd Edition). Elsevier.

Zakariya, H., Margiono, R., Novitri, A., & Pevriadi, A. (2022). Identifikasi Anomali Gravitasi Di Wilayah Sulawesi Tenggara Berdasarkan Data Gravitasi GGMplus. PROGRESS: Jurnal Geofisika, 1(1), 63–68.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.37905/geojpg.v5i2.41729

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Rizal, I Putu Putra Wira Sarwa Yudha, Relly Margiono

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.