Perancangan Prototipe Sistem Kendali Otomatis Pada Pengering Pakaian Berbasis Air Heater

Herendra Priyandha, Dwi Ana Ratna Wati

Abstract


Pengering pakaian diharapkan dapat bekerja secara otomatis dan dapat menjaga kualitas pakaian yang dikeringkan. Terdapat parameter penting pada proses pengeringan pakaian yaitu temperatur dan kelembaban. Untuk menjaga kualitas pakaian, perlu diperhatikan nilai temperatur pengeringan agar tidak melebihi batas temperatur pengeringan yang ditentukan pada setiap jenis pakaian. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengaturan setpoint temperatur pengeringan pakaian pada alat pengering pakaian. Pada penelitian ini dirancang prototipe pengendali yang dapat bekerja secara otomatis pada sebuah sistem pengering berbasis air heater. Prototipe yang dirancang terdiri atas air heater, sensor temperatur, sensor kelembaban, Arduino, dan tampilan antarmuka menggunakan LabVIEW. Proses pengeringan dioperasikan oleh pengguna melalui antarmuka dimana pengguna memasukan dua input yaitu jenis pakaian yang akan dikeringkan dan jumlahnya. Input tersebut digunakan pada penentuan nilai temperatur operasi pada air heater. Selama proses pengeringan, nilai temperatur maupun nilai kelembaban pada bilik pengering diukur menggunakan sensor tipe DHT22. Kedua nilai lalu tersebut ditampilkan melalui antarmuka LabVIEW. Nilai temperatur tersebut dibandingkan dengan nilai temperatur setpoint yang ditentukan berdasarkan jenis dan jumlah pakaian yang akan dikeringkan. Berdasarkan nilai perbandingan tersebut, LabVIEW mengirimkan nilai kendali berupa nilai PWM secara serial ke Arduino, yang merupakan sinyal kendali ke air heater. Kemudian, air heater bekerja menjaga temperatur pada bilik pengeringan agar sesuai setpoint selama proses pengeringan berjalan atau kondisi timer on. Jika nilai kelembaban telah mencapai kriteria kondisi kering dan waktu pengeringan telah habis, maka air heater akan masuk pada mode off. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, prototipe sistem kendali yang dirancang mampu bekerja secara otomatis dan hasil pengeringan dapat mempertahankan kualitas pakaian. Selain itu penghematan energi listrik juga dimungkinkan dengan penggunaan pengendali otomatis pada pengering pakaian tersebut.

The clothes dryer is expected to work automatically and can maintain the quality of the clothes. Temperature and humidity are the two main parameters in the process of drying clothes. The drying temperature affects the clothes conditions because each type of clothing has a certain temperature limit to maintain its quality. Therefore, it is necessary to set the temperature setpoint for drying clothes operation. This study designed a controller prototype that can work automatically in an air heater-based clothes dryer. The designed prototype consists of an air heater, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, Arduino, and an interface using LabVIEW. The drying process is operated by the user through an interface where the user inputs the type of clothing and the amount of clothing to be dried. The input is used to determine the temperature setpoint on the air heater. During the drying process, the temperature and humidity values in the drying chamber are read by the DHT22 sensor and then displayed on the interface. This temperature value is compared with the setpoint temperature which is determined based on the type and amount of clothes to be dried. Based on the comparison value, LabVIEW sends control values in the form of PWM values serially to Arduino, which are control signals to the air heater. Then, the air heater works to maintain the temperature in the drying chamber to match the setpoint during the drying process or when the timer is on. The air heater will turn off when the humidity has reached dry conditions and the drying time has been over. Based on the testing results, the control system prototype is able to work automatically, and the drying process can maintain the quality of the clothes. In addition, saving electrical energy is also possible with the use of the automatic controller.



Keywords


control systems; clothes dryer

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37905/jjeee.v5i1.17212

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