Drug-Drug Interactions in Adult Acute Respiratory Infections Prescriptions at the Gorontalo Police Clinic: A Six-Month Retrospective Study

Fika Nuzul Ramadhani; Teti Sutriyati Tuloli; Tesalonika Tudja

doi:10.37311/jsscr.v8i2.32403

Drug-Drug Interactions in Adult Acute Respiratory Infections Prescriptions at the Gorontalo Police Clinic: A Six-Month Retrospective Study

Fika Nuzul Ramadhani, Teti Sutriyati Tuloli, Tesalonika Tudja

Abstract

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is one of the most common conditions managed in primary care, and its treatment often involves multiple medications that may increase the risk of potential drug–drug interactions (DDIs). This study aimed to identify medication use patterns and to determine the frequency, severity, and mechanisms of potential DDIs in adult ARI prescriptions at the Gorontalo Police Clinic. This observational cross-sectional study used a retrospective approach based on outpatient medical record and prescription data collected from July to December 2023. A total of 110 eligible adult patients were included in the analysis. Potential DDIs were screened using the Drugs.com Interaction Checker and further reviewed with Stockley’s Drug Interactions as a reference. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the median number of medications per patient was 4 (IQR 3–6), while polypharmacy was identified in 11 patients (10.0%). Potential DDIs were found in 2 of 110 patients (1.82%). All identified DDIs were moderate in severity, with no minor or major interactions detected. The interaction mechanism was exclusively pharmacodynamic, and both cases involved the combination of amoxicillin and chloramphenicol, indicating a potential antagonistic effect. In conclusion, potential DDIs in adult ARI prescriptions at the Gorontalo Police Clinic were uncommon but clinically relevant. Routine screening is needed to prevent potentially inappropriate antibiotic combinations in primary care practice.

Keywords

Acute respiratory infection; Drug–drug interactions; Polypharmacy; Pharmacodynamic interaction; Primary care; Antibiotic prescribing

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37311/jsscr.v8i2.32403

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