Simplex Lattice Optimization of Purple Sweet Potato Leaf Extract Tablets with PVP K30 and Croscarmellose Sodium

Cyntia Wahyuningrum; Erni Rustiani; Wilda Nurhikmah; Shella Wulan Aristi Wardani

doi:10.37311/jsscr.v7i3.34720

Simplex Lattice Optimization of Purple Sweet Potato Leaf Extract Tablets with PVP K30 and Croscarmellose Sodium

Cyntia Wahyuningrum, Erni Rustiani, Wilda Nurhikmah, Shella Wulan Aristi Wardani

Abstract

Purple sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas L.) are rich in flavonoids with antidiabetic potential. This study optimized a tablet dosage form of the leaf extract using a Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) with PVP K30 (2–5%, binder) and croscarmellose sodium (3–5%, superdisintegrant). Eight wet-granulated formulations (520 mg/tablet; 240 mg extract) were evaluated for hardness, friability, and disintegration time. SLD models and contour plots guided numerical optimization targeting hardness 4–8 kp, friability <1%, and disintegration <15 min. The optimal composition—5% PVP K30 + 3% croscarmellose sodium—achieved hardness 6.28 ± 0.05 kp, friability 0.17 ± 0.01%, and disintegration 05:20–07:45, meeting pharmacopeial criteria. Verification (three independent batches) fell within prediction ranges with overall desirability = 1.0. These findings support the binder–superdisintegrant system for robust herbal tablets of purple sweet potato leaf extract; dissolution and stability testing are recommended in future work.

Keywords

Purple sweet potato leaves; PVP K30; Croscarmellose sodium; Simplex lattice design; Tablet optimization

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37311/jsscr.v7i3.34720

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