Green-Synthesised AgNP–Chitosan Nanocomposites Using Cymbopogon citratus Extract: SEM, FTIR, and Tensile Characterisation

Komariah Komariah; Jenifer Angela Gunawan; Florencia Livia; Rezky Anggraeni; Dewi Ranggaeni; Johni Halim

doi:10.37311/jsscr.v8i1.35343

Green-Synthesised AgNP–Chitosan Nanocomposites Using Cymbopogon citratus Extract: SEM, FTIR, and Tensile Characterisation

Komariah Komariah, Jenifer Angela Gunawan, Florencia Livia, Rezky Anggraeni, Dewi Ranggaeni, Johni Halim

Abstract

The development of nanomaterials in dentistry has brought significant innovations in improving the effectiveness of treatments, particularly in biomedical applications. One important implementation is the development of nanocomposites, which are composite materials consisting of nano-sized fillers and stabilizing agents. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) obtained through green synthesis using lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) leaf extract tend to aggregate easily, therefore, a stabilizing agent in the form of chitosan is needed. This study aims to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of AgNP nanocomposites synthesized using C. citratus extract as a reducing agent and chitosan as a stabilizing agent. Physical characterization testing was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and tensile strength testing. Chemical characterization was performed through Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) testing. SEM analysis revealed an asymmetrical morphology, featuring a dense layer and a relatively uniform dispersion of nanoparticles within the polymer matrix. The combination of chitosan and the extract maintained structural stability with only slight agglomeration in the nanometer range. Tensile strength testing revealed that the chitosan–AgNP membrane exhibited the highest tensile strength of 17.64 ± 0.001 MPa. The chitosan–AgNP membrane had an elongation of 6.03±0.001% and a stress at break of 17.64±0.001 MPa, which was higher than that of the other membrane groups. FTIR analysis identified hydroxyl (3416.17 cm⁻¹), amide (1640.15 cm⁻¹), and siloxane (1034.44 cm⁻¹) groups, confirming the integration of the organic and inorganic hybrid structure. XRD analysis revealed 12% crystallinity and a dominant amorphous phase of 88%. Conclusion: AgNP nanocomposite membranes synthesized with C. citratus extract and chitosan as a stabilizing agent exhibit good physical and chemical properties for biomedical applications. These properties include homogeneous particle distribution, adequate mechanical strength, a stable chemical structure, and optimal crystallinity for wound healing applications.

Keywords

Silver Nanoparticles; Cymbopogon citratus; Chitosan; Nanocomposites; FTIR; Tensile Properties

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37311/jsscr.v8i1.35343

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