Evaluating Circular Economy Concept and Waste Regulation Norms in Gorontalo Province

Amanda Adelina Harun; Fenty U Puluhulawa; Apripari Apripari; Mohammad Rusdiyanto Puluhulawa; Sultan Z. Podungge

doi:10.33756/eslaj.v8i2.41437

Evaluating Circular Economy Concept and Waste Regulation Norms in Gorontalo Province

Amanda Adelina Harun, Fenty U Puluhulawa, Apripari Apripari, Mohammad Rusdiyanto Puluhulawa, Sultan Z. Podungge

Abstract

Regional waste regulation must respond not only to waste collection and disposal but also to the structural causes of material loss across product life cycles. Objective: This article examines the conceptual alignment of Gorontalo Provincial Regulation No. 3 of 2013 with contemporary circular economy principles. Methods: The study applies normative legal research through statutory and conceptual approaches. Primary legal materials were analyzed using a normative–conceptual fit evaluation that considers the clarity, depth, consistency, operational capacity, targets, supervision, and consequences of non-compliance. Results: The regulation demonstrates high alignment in waste prevention, material-cycle closure, and supporting governance; moderate alignment in product-value maintenance, resource efficiency, life-cycle approach, and producer responsibility; and low alignment in product lifespan extension. Major gaps concern durability standards, the right to repair, spare-parts availability, remanufacturing, recycled-content targets, secondary-material markets, producer registration, audits, and measurable circularity targets. Conclusion: The regulation reflects partial rather than comprehensive alignment and requires harmonization toward a measurable, life-cycle-based circular regulatory framework.

Keywords

Circular economy; Normative Legal Analysis; Waste Regulation; Extended ProducerRresponsibility; Gorontalo

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abidah, Fadhila, Syarifa Hanoum, and Mushonnifun F. Sugihartanto. “Perkembangan Rantai Pasok Sirkular: Kajian Literatur.” Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS 11, no. 5 (2023). https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373520.v11i5.90758

Ainun, Rofiqoh, Yusrizal, and Nurul Jannah. “Implementasi circular economy melalui pengendalian sampah bahan daur ulang terhadap peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat.” Economic Reviews Journal 3, no. 1 (2023): 61–83. https://doi.org/10.56709/mrj.v3i1.113.

Ali, Saidia, and Farid Shirazi. “The Paradigm of Circular Economy and an Effective Electronic Waste Management.” Sustainability 15, no. 3 (2023): 1998. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031998.

Alimuddin, Syukriah, Baharuddin Hamzah, Evi Aprianti, Suharman Hamzah, and Muhammad Farid Samawi. “Flood Mitigation through Waste Management in Rimuku, Mamuju, Indonesia.” Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 15, no. 5 (2025): 26697–702. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.11987.

Amalina, Nasya N. “Pendekatan quadruplehelix dalam menanggulangi problematika sampah makanan di Indonesia ditinjau perspektif hukum.” Padjadjaran Law Review 10, no. 2 (2022). https://doi.org/10.56895/plr.v10i2.1026.

Asfahani, Zabina, Bertha Maya Sopha, and Muhammad Arif Wibisono. “Barriers to Circular Economy Transition in Small and Medium-Sized Businesses: A Systematic Review.” 2023 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), December 18, 2023, 0470–74. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM58616.2023.10406486.

Bakan, Bénédicte, Nicolas Bernet, Théodore Bouchez, et al. “Circular Economy Applied to Organic Residues and Wastewater: Research Challenges.” Waste and Biomass Valorization 13, no. 2 (2022): 1267–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-021-01549-0.

Balkenende, Ruud, Conny Bakker, Elise Blondel, and Yumiko Henneberry, eds. Repair in the Circular Economy: European Legislation, Product Design and Business Models. TU Delft OPEN Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.59490/mg.93.

Cahyati, Saurandri P., Shifa M. Naf’an, Nanda I. Savana, and Yusin Noviarin. “Rencana aksi nasional memerangi sampah laut sebagai bentuk implementasi SDGs 14: Kehidupan di bawah laut.” Jurnal Isip Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik 17, no. 2 (2023): 96–106. https://doi.org/10.36451/jisip.v17i2.44.

Ceroni, Elisabetta. The Role of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) in the Transition to a Circular Economy. 11 (2024): 293–300. https://doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2024/vs02/22.

Chen, Sisi, Mohamed Elheddad, Neetu Sharma, and Chi K. M. Lau. “Impact of Financial Development on the Circular Economy: Empirical Evidence From the European Union.” Business Strategy and the Environment 35, no. 1 (2025): 251–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70168.

Directive (EU) 2024/1799 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 on Common Rules Promoting the Repair of Goods and Amending Regulation (EU) 2017/2394 and Directives (EU) 2019/771 and (EU) 2020/1828.

Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on Waste and Repealing Certain Directives, as amended by Directive (EU) 2018/851 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018.

European Commission. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Closing the Loop – An EU Action Plan for the Circular Economy. COM(2015) 614 final. Brussels, 2 December 2015.

European Commission. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: A Monitoring Framework for the Circular Economy. COM(2018) 29 final. Strasbourg, 16 January 2018.

Fadhillah, Muhammad H., and Mohammad Fahreza. “Pendekatan ekonomi sirkular sebagai model pengembangan bisnis melalui pemanfaatan aplikasi pada usaha kecil dan menengah pasca Covid-19.” Coopetition Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen 14, no. 1 (2023): 55–66. https://doi.org/10.32670/coopetition.v14i1.2269.

Finamore, Margherita, and Crina Oltean‐Dumbrava. “Circular Economy in Construction - Findings From a Literature Review.” Heliyon 10, no. 15 (2024): e34647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34647.

Georgescu, Irina, Jani Kinnunen, and Ane-Mari Androniceanu. “Empirical Evidence on Circular Economy and Economic Development in Europe: A Panel Approach.” Journal of Business Economics and Management 23, no. 1 (2022): 199–217. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2022.16050.

Harun, Amanda Adelina, and Fenty U. Puluhulawa. “Legal Frameworks for the Circular Economy: Identifying Waste Governance Policies and Resilience Gaps in Indonesia.” Manhaj: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat 15, no. 1 (2026): 188–204. https://ejournal.uinfasbengkulu.ac.id/index.php/manhaj/article/view/9323.

Harun, Amanda Adelina. “Circular Economy and Legal Frameworks for Balancing Ecology and Economy.” In Circular Economy. Business, Technology, and Policy. Part 2. Bentham Books, 2026. https://doi.org/10.2174/9798898816636126010006.

Iagăru, R., Anca Șipoș, and Pompilica Iagăru. “Strategic Thinking and Its Role in Accelerating the Transition From the Linear to the Circular Economic Model—Case Study of the Agri-Food Sector in the Sibiu Depression Microregion, Romania.” Sustainability 15, no. 4 (2023): 3109. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043109.

Javed, Tariq, Fareyha Said, Dalilawati Zainal, and Azlina A. Jalil. “Circular Economy Implementation Status of Selected ASEAN Countries.” Sage Open 14, no. 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231216261.

Jin, Xijie, Gwang-Nam Rim, and Chol-Ju An. “Some Methodological Issues in Assessing the Efforts for the Circular Economy by Region or Country.” Sage Open 13, no. 3 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231184863.

Jugović, Alen, Miljen Sirotić, Dražen Žgaljić, and Renato Oblak. “Assessing the Possibilities of Integrating Ports Into the Circular Economy.” Tehnicki Vjesnik - Technical Gazette 29, no. 2 (2022). https://doi.org/10.17559/tv-20200327221233.

Kelsen, Hans. General Theory of Law and State. Translated by Anders Wedberg. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1945.

Kirchherr, Julian, Denise Reike, and Marko Hekkert. “Conceptualizing the Circular Economy: An Analysis of 114 Definitions.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling 127 (2017): 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005.

Kouhihabibi, Mehrnaz. “Linear Economy versus Circular Economy: New Raw Material.” Turk Turizm Arastirmalari Dergisi, August 17, 2022, 4. https://doi.org/10.26677/TR1010.2022.1057.

Kristianto, Aloysius H., Shanti V. B. Siahaan, and Benedhikta K. Vuspitasari. “Potensi pengembangan ekonomi sirkular kerakyatan dan solusi permasalahan sampah tidak terkelola (studi kasus Desa Sungai Duri Kabupaten Bengkayang).” Jurnal Maneksi 11, no. 1 (2022): 231–36. https://doi.org/10.31959/jm.v11i1.1069.

Larasati, Aida F., and Eko B. Santoso. “Jaringan pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga sebagai bentuk transisi ekonomi sirkular di Kota Surabaya.” Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 22, no. 1 (2023): 248–57. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.22.1.248-257.

Ma, Jiaze, Philip Tominac, Horacio Aguirre-Villegas, et al. “Economic Evaluation of Infrastructures for Thermochemical Upcycling of Post-Consumer Plastic Waste.” Preprint, October 17, 2022. https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-v838h.

MacAfee, Elizabeth A., and Ansje J. Löhr. “Multi‐scalar Interactions between Mismanaged Plastic Waste and Urban Flooding in an Era of Climate Change and Rapid Urbanization.” WIREs Water 11, no. 2 (2024): e1708. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1708.

Manik, Yuni M. “Ekonomi sirkular, pola berfikir dan pendidikan untuk keberlanjutan ekonomi.” Promosi (Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi) 10, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.24127/pro.v10i1.5418.

Muhtar, Mohamad Hidayat, Amanda Adelina Harun, Viorizza Suciani Putri, Apripari, and Mohamad Rivaldi Moha. “Addressing the Paradox: Why Environmental Constitutionalism Is More than Just Rights?” E3S Web of Conferences 506 (2024): 06004. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450606004.

Muliarta, I. N. “Global Warming Mitigation Innovation Through Household Waste Management Becomes Eco-Enzyme: A Review.” Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Ipa 10, no. 8 (2024): 515–25. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.8154.

Muriithi, Joseph K., and Innocent Ngare. “Transitioning Circular Economy From Policy to Practice in Kenya.” Frontiers in Sustainability 4 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2023.1190470.

Nawiasky, Hans. Allgemeine Rechtslehre als System der rechtlichen Grundbegriffe. 2nd ed. Einsiedeln: Benziger, 1948.

Nggilu, Novendri M., and Mellisa Towadi. “Desain yuridis peraturan desa dalam penanganan sampah melalui bank sampah di Desa Bongo Nol-Gorontalo.” Das Sein Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Dan Humaniora 1, no. 1 (2022): 25–37. https://doi.org/10.33756/jds.v1i1.9827.

Nikpay, Mitra, and Sayna Toorchi Roodsari. “Crafting a Scientific Framework to Mitigate Microplastic Impact on Ecosystems.” Microplastics 3, no. 1 (2024): 165–83. https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics3010010.

Oktarini, Kurnia W., Tiara Nurpratiwi, and Averroes A. R. Tjegame. “Pajak ekonomi sirkular dan keberlanjutan lingkungan.” Jemasi Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Dan Akuntansi 19, no. 2 (2023): 198–208. https://doi.org/10.35449/jemasi.v19i2.672.

Oyewale, Johnson A., Lagouge K. Tartibu, and Imhade P. Okokpujie. “A Comparative Bibliometric Analysis on Plastic Waste Recycling.” International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 18, no. 11 (2023): 3401–17. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.181106.

Papamichael, Iliana, Irene Voukkali, Pantelitsa Loizia, and Antonis A. Zorpas. “Construction and Demolition Waste Framework of Circular Economy: A Mini Review.” Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 41, no. 12 (2023): 1728–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X231190804.

Peng, Baoting, and Xin Shen. “Does Environmental Regulation Affect Circular Economy Performance? Evidence from China.” Sustainability 16, no. 11 (2024): 4406. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114406.

Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Gorontalo Nomor 3 Tahun 2013 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah. Lembaran Daerah Provinsi Gorontalo Tahun 2013 Nomor 3.

Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor P.75/2019 tentang Peta Jalan Pengurangan Sampah oleh Produsen.

Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 81 Tahun 2012 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga dan Sampah Sejenis Sampah Rumah Tangga.

Peraturan Presiden Nomor 97 Tahun 2017 tentang Kebijakan dan Strategi Nasional Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga dan Sampah Sejenis Sampah Rumah Tangga.

Potting, José, Marko Hekkert, Ernst Worrell, and Aldert Hanemaaijer. Circular Economy: Measuring Innovation in the Product Chain. PBL Publication No. 2544. The Hague: PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, 2017.

Puentes Cociña, Beltrán. “The Circular Economy Strategy as a Way of Designing More Durable, Repairable, and Reusable Products.” UNIO – EU Law Journal 9, no. 2 (2023): 88–105. https://doi.org/10.21814/unio.9.2.5518.

Puluhulawa, Fenty U., Amanda Adelina Harun, Moh. Rusdiyanto Puluhulawa, Sherly Joice Pangayow, and Karlin Z. Mamu. “Rethinking Coastal Waste: Integrating Green Criminology and Community Engagement for Sustainable Solutions.” Yustisia Jurnal Hukum 14, no. 1 (2025): 69. https://doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v14i1.93825.

Puluhulawa, Fenty U., and Amanda Adelina Harun. “Enabling Circular Economy: Towards Sustainable Electronic Waste Management Regulation.” Jambura Law Review 6, no. 1 (2024): 33–65. https://doi.org/10.33756/jlr.v6i1.24024.

Puluhulawa, Fenty U., and Moh. Rusdiyanto Puluhulawa. “Plastic Waste in Modern Era: Developing Plastic Waste Management for Sustainability.” E3S Web of Conferences 259 (2021): 03001. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125903001.

Puluhulawa, Fenty U., Moh. Rusdiyanto Puluhulawa, and Amanda Adelina Harun. “Legal Culture of Local Community in Plastic Waste Management.” KnE Social Sciences, ahead of print, October 4, 2022. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i15.12089.

Rahmah, Septia P., and Raldi H. L. Koestoer. “Penerapan reduce, reuse, recycle (3R) dan manajemen pengelolaan sampah perkotaan: A systematic literature review.” Jurnal Keselamatan Kesehatan Kerja Dan Lingkungan 5, no. 2 (2024): 189–97. https://doi.org/10.25077/jk3l.5.2.189-197.2024.

Ramadhani, Salsafanti A. “Analisis faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapan implementasi pengolahan limbah konstruksi berkelanjutan pada proyek konstruksi gedung bertingkat.” Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik Sipil 22, no. 3 (2024): 307. https://doi.org/10.12962/j2579-891x.v22i3.20835.

Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 Establishing a Framework for the Setting of Ecodesign Requirements for Sustainable Products, Amending Directive (EU) 2020/1828 and Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 and Repealing Directive 2009/125/EC.

Rezi, and Istiyawati Rahayu. “Transformasi kebijakan pengelolaan sampah plastik global pasca Global Plastics Treaty: Implikasi bagi regulasi nasional di Indonesia.” JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan 8, no. 3 (2025): 3320–26. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v8i3.7557.

Santos, Taiz Viviane Dos, Sandra Marilce Diavon Alvez, Simone Sehnem, and Dulcimar José Julkovski. “The Circularity Paradox: The Rebound Effect, Governance, and the Limits of Corporate Sustainability.” Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 33, no. 1 (2026): 616–46. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.70181.

Scheel, Carlos, and Bernardo Bello. “Transforming Linear Production Chains into Circular Value Extended Systems.” Sustainability 14, no. 7 (2022): 3726. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14073726.

Siderius, T., and T. Zink. “Markets and the Future of the Circular Economy.” Circular Economy and Sustainability 3, no. 3 (2023): 1569–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43615-022-00196-4.

Syarif, Rahmat, Anhar J. Malik, Khaerunnisa N. F. Syahnur, Fitriyani, Mirandha A. Riana, and Iskandar Arifin. “Pengenalan konsep ekonomi sirkular melalui webinar ‘Ekonomi Sirkular: Solusi Masalah Persampahan Di Indonesia.’” Celeb 1, no. 1 (2022): 28–35. https://doi.org/10.37531/celeb.v1i1.176.

Ula, Fina R., and Nur F. Liyana. “Menilik penerapan landfill tax di negara lain dan urgensi penerapannya di Indonesia.” Jurnal Pajak dan Keuangan Negara (PKN) 4, no. 1S (2022): 176–90. https://doi.org/10.31092/jpkn.v4i1s.1734.

Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2022 tentang Hubungan Keuangan antara Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintahan Daerah.

Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan, as amended by Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2022.

Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2008 Nomor 69, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4851.

Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah.

Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, as amended by Law Number 6 of 2023 on the Stipulation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation into Law.

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. Circularity Concepts in the Pulp and Paper Industry. Geneva Timber and Forest Discussion Papers. United Nations, 2024. https://doi.org/10.18356/9789213587102.

Wang, Xidan, and Zhihui Liao. “Empowering Sustainability: Harnessing Environmental Regulation and Management for Wider Use of Renewable Energy.” Integration of Industry and Education Journal 3, no. 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.6914/iiej.030102.

Yamaguchi, Cristina K., Pedro Boff, and Cleonice G. Rosa. Environment and Sustainable Production Processes. September 25, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.17202823.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33756/eslaj.v8i2.41437