TOXICITY TEST OF THE CROWN OF THE GOD'S PLANT FRUIT (PHALERIA MACROCARPA (Shceff.) Boerl.) AGAINST Culex sp MOSQUITO LARVA

Abstract

Abstrak

         Mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) atau suku gaharu-gaharuan adalah salah satu suku anggota tumbuhan berbunga. Berdasarkan literature penelitian, tanaman mahkota dewa mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, senyawa lignin (polifenol, flenoida, minyak atsiri dan tannin). Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan uji toksisitas buah tumbuhan Mahkota dewa  pada Larva Nyamuk Culex Sp. Studi ini bertujuan menginvestigasi efek toksik ektrak buah mahkota dewa dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 25% terhadap larva nyamuk culex sp dan menggunakan waktu pengamatan selama o detik, 30 detik, 1 menit, 5 menit, 15 menit, 30 menit, 60 menit, dan 120 menit. Desain penelitian Thepost test only controlled group design. Uji toksisitas dengan memasukan larva nyamuk ke dalam cawan petri yang mengandung ektrak buah mahkota dewa dengan konsentrasi yang telah disiapkan. Hasil penelitian ; ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan proporsi larva mati setelah 30 menit (p value = 0,001), 60 menit (p value = 0,002), dan 120 menit (p value = 0,014) setelah pemberian ekstrak buah Mahkota dewa, hasil penelitian menunjukan efek toksik yang efektif terdapat pada konsentrasi 25% dalam waktu 60 menit. Kesimpulan ; Kandungan ekstrak dan lama paparan merupakan variabel penting yang memengaruhi persentase kematian jentik nyamuk Culex sp. Jika konsentrasi ektrak buah tumbuhan Mahkota Dewa dinaikkan maka semakin cepat larva nyamuk yang akan mati, begitu pula dengan waktu pengamatan, jika konsentrasi ektrak dinaikan dan waktu pengamatan semakin lama, maka semakin tinggi pula persentase larva nyamuk yang mati.

Kata kunci: Mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheef.) Boerl.); larva nyamuk Culex sp

Abstract

Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) is a member of the Thymelaeaceae family or the agarwood tribe, which is a member of the flowering plant tribe. Based on previous research literature, it is known that the Mahkota Dewa plant contains alkaloid compounds, saponins, flavonoids, lignin compounds (polyphenols, flenoids, essential oils and tannins. The impact of mosquitoes on public health is filariasis or also known as elephantiasis disease which is transmitted by Culex sp. This study aims to investigate the toxic effect of extracts of the crown of dewa fruit at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 25% on the larvae of Culex sp mosquitoes and used an observation time of (o seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 15 minutes). minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes). This study utilizes the post-test only controlled group design. Toxicity test was conducted by placing mosquito larvae in a petri dish containing the extract of Dewa's crown fruit with the concentration that had been prepared. It was found There was a significant difference in the proportion of larvae that died after 30 minutes (p value = 0.001), 60 minutes (p value = 0.002), and 120 minutes (p value = 0.001). = 0.014) after administration of Mahkota dewa fruit extract, the results of this study showed an effective toxic effect was found at a concentration of 25% within 60 minutes. The findings showed that extract content and duration of exposure were two important variables that influenced the percentage of larvae mortality of Culex sp. If the concentration of Mahkota Dewa plant extract is increased, the faster the mosquito larvae will die, as well as the observation time, if the extract concentration is increased and the observation time is longer, the higher the percentage of dead mosquito larvae will be.