Age and Depositional Environment of Sampolakosa Formation Calcarenite Base on Foraminiferal Fossil Analysis

Isman Saleh, Ali Okto, Amritzal Nur Firdaus

Abstract


The Sampolakosa Formation in Buton Island, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, is predominantly composed of packstone calcarenite, which is brownish white when fresh and brown when weathered, and contains 57.8% skeletal grains, 34.3% micrite, 6.1% sparry calcite, and 1.8% pores/voids. Petrographic analysis indicates a grain-supported fabric, reflecting deposition in a moderate-energy environment capable of accumulating bioclasts while retaining a micrite matrix. Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages, including Globorotalia plesiotumida, Globorotalia acostaensis, and Globorotalia mayeri, constrain the age of the formation to the Late Miocene (~11–6 Ma), consistent with its stratigraphic position overlying the Tondo Formation and underlying the Wapulaka Formation. Benthic foraminifera, such as Cibicides lobatulus, Lagena sp., Bolivina sp., and Chrysalidina gradata, indicate deposition on a shallow to middle shelf (5–100 m) within a warm, clear tropical carbonate shelf characterized by moderate bottom-water energy, active currents, and generally well-oxygenated conditions with locally reduced oxygen levels. The combination of grain-supported packstone and micrite retention suggests deposition below the fair-weather wave base but influenced by occasional high-energy events, representing a transition from nearshore to middle shelf under relatively stable seabed conditions. These findings provide a robust framework for the biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the Sampolakosa Formation, contributing to regional stratigraphic correlations and insights into carbonate depositional systems.

Keywords


Calcarenite; Depositional environment; Foraminifera; Micropaleontology

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37905/jgeosrev.v8i2.38544

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