THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL WORK ENVIRONMENT ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF WOMEN WORKERS

Abstract

Kehidupan dan pekerjaan merupakan sesuatu yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Bagi manusia, bekerja merupakan suatu kebutuhan dasar untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan maupun keinginan, baik bagi pria maupun Wanita. Seiring dengan perkembangan dunia industri pekerja perempuan maupun laki-laki sering terpajan dengan berbagai faktor risiko yang berpotensi mengancam kesehatannya termasuk kesehatan reproduksi. Gangguan reproduksi yang sering terjadi pada Wanita adalah gangguan menstruasi, gangguan kesuburan, dan gangguan pada kehamilan. Salah satu faktor risiko penyebab gangguan kesehatan reproduksi pada pekerja wanita yang ditemui di PT. X dan PT. Y yaitu faktor lingkungan kerja fisik. Kebaruan dalam penelitian yaitu melihat pengaruh lingkungan kerja fisik terhadap kesehatan reproduksi pekerja wanita. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor lingkungan kerja yang berpengaruh terhadap gangguan kesehatan reproduksi pada pekerja wanita. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancang bangun cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada dua perusahaan di Sentra Industri Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Responden penelitian berjumlah 109 orang dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Pengukuran kebisingan dan suhu dilakukan langsung di lokasi penelitian guna mengetahui kondisi lingkungan di perusahaan tersebut. Model analisis data yang digunakan adalah Regresi Logistik Ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebanyak 18 responden (81,8%) bekerja di area kerja panas (>28^oC) dan sebanyak 40 responden (64,5%) bekerja di area kerja bising (>85 dB) mengalami gangguan Kesehatan reproduksi. Hasil analisis statistic menunjukan ada pengaruh suhu terhadap gangguan reproduksi (p=0,002) dan tidak ada pengaruh kebisingan terhadap gangguan reproduksi (p=0,640). Simpulan bahwa sebagian besar pekerja wanita mengalami gangguan kesehatan reproduksi.

Kata kunci : Suhu, Kebisingan, dan Pekerja Wanita.

Abstract

                Life and work are inseparable. For humans, work is a basic need to fulfill needs and desires, both for men and women. Along with the development of the industrial world, female and male workers are often exposed to various risk factors that have the potential to threaten their health, including reproductive health. Reproductive disorders that often occur in women are menstrual disorders, fertility disorders, and disorders of pregnancy. One of the risk factors for reproductive health disorders in female workers found at PT. X and PT. Y is the physical work environment factor. The novelty of the research is to see the effect of the physical work environment on the reproductive health of female workers. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors in the work environment that affect reproductive health disorders in female workers. This research is an observational study with a cross sectional design. This research was conducted at two companies in the Industrial Center of Sidoarjo Regency. The research respondents were 109 people using simple random sampling technique. Noise and temperature measurements were carried out directly at the research site in order to determine the environmental conditions in the company. The data analysis model used is Multiple Logistics Regression. The results showed as many as 18 respondents (81.8%) working in hot work areas (> 28^oC) and as many as 40 respondents (64.5%) working in noisy work areas (> 85 dB) experiencing reproductive health problems. The results of statistical analysis showed that there was an effect of temperature on reproductive disorders (p = 0.002) and no effect of noise on reproductive disorders (p = 0.640). The conclusion is that most of the female workers experience reproductive health problems.

Keywords: Temperature, Noise, and Female Workers.