RISK FACTORS OF COMPLICATIONS IN MATERNAL DELIVERY IN JENEPONTO DISTRICT

Abstract

Angka kematian ibu di Indonesia tergolong sangat tinggi, mencapai 170 kematian per 100.000 kematian. 75% disebabkan oleh komplikasi selama kehamilan dan persalinan. Kebaruan penelitian ini karena meneliti tentang faktor risiko kejadian komplikasi persalinan Ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko kejadian komplikasi persalinan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analitik observasional dan desain case control. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh Ibu yang menjalani persalinan pada fasilitas layanan kesehatan yang di wilayah Kabupaten Jeneponto selama tahun 2021. Sampel untuk kelompok kasus dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil perhitungan sampel minimal size menggunakan rumus sampel uji hipotesis beda dua proporsi dan diperoleh sebanyak 35 sampel dengan perbandingan antara kelompok kasus dan kelompok control yaitu 1 : 1 untuk seluruh variable penelitian yang digunakan, dan diperoleh menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Data yang diperoleh diaolah dan dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji chi square (p<0,005), sedangkan besaran risiko menggunakan nilai odds ratio (OR). Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa paritas (p=0,019 OR=3,509), jarak kehamilan (p=0,006 OR=4,169), kejadian anemia (p=0,004 OR=4,812), dan riwayat komplikasi persalinan (p=0,039 OR=4,714) merupakan faktor risiko komplikasi persalinan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu paritas, jarak kehamilan, kejadian anemia, dan riwayat komplikasi persalinan merupakan faktor-faktor yang dapat meningkatkan risiko kejadian komplikasi persalinan pada ibu.

Kata kunci: Anemia; Faktor risiko; Jarak kehamilan; Komplikasi persalinan; Paritas; Riwayat komplikasi.

Abstract

The maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is very high, reaching 170 per 100,000 deaths. 75% are caused by complications during pregnancy and childbirth. The novelty of this study is that it examines the risk factors for the incidence of maternal childbirth complications. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for the incidence of labor complications. This research is quantitative research with observational analytical methods and a case-control design. The population in this study was all mothers who underwent childbirth at healthcare facilities in the Jeneponto Regency area during 2021. The samples for the case group in this study were obtained from the results of the calculation of a minimum size sample using the hypothesis test sample formula of two proportions and got as many as 35 samples with a comparison between the case group and the control group, namely 1: 1 for all research variables used, and obtained using the Purposive Sampling technique. The data obtained were processed and analyzed univariately and bivariate. Bivariate analysis was performed with a chi-square test (p<0.005), while the risk magnitude used the odds ratio (OR) value. The results of the study found that parity (p=0.019 OR=3.509), gestation distance (p=0.006 OR=4.169), the incidence of anemia (p=0.004 OR=4.812), and a history of childbirth complications (p=0.039 OR=4.714) were risk factors for childbirth complications. The conclusions of this study are parity, the distance of pregnancy, incidence of anemia, and history of childbirth complications are factors that can increase the risk of childbirth complications in mothers.