HUBUNGAN IKLIM DENGAN KASUS COVID-19: STUDI EKOLOGI DI KOTA BANDUNG, PROVINSI JAWA BARAT

Minar Indriasih, Laila Fitria

Abstract


Pandemi COVID-19 terjadi secara global menjadi ancaman besar bagi kesehatan masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Kemunculan virus patogen baru dengan potensi pandemi yang tinggi seringkali disebabkan oleh interaksi kompleks antara hewan, manusia dan lingkungan. Salah satu faktor lingkungan yang diperkirakan mempengaruhi penyebaran COVID-19 adalah iklim. Kebaruan penelitian ini peneliti ingin melihat hubungan iklim dengan kasus Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan iklim dengan kasus COVID-19 di Kota Bandung. Metode penelitian adalah metode kuantitatif dengan desain studi ekologi. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yaitu jumlah kasus harian COVID-19 dan data iklim (suhu rata-rata, kelembaban rata-rata, curah hujan, dan kecepatan angin) di Kota Bandung. Uji korelasi digunakan untuk melihat hubungan antara iklim dan kasus COVID-19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada Bulan April hingga September 2022, tren kasus harian COVID-19 di Kota Bandung mengalami peningkatan. Uji korelasi rank spearman menunjukkan bahwa suhu rata-rata (r = -0.191; P = 0.010), kelembaban rata-rata (r = -0.288; P = 0.000), dan curah hujan (r = -0.236; P = 0.001) berkorelasi secara signifikan dengan kasus COVID-19. Ketiga faktor iklim tersebut menunjukkan pola hubungan (r) yang negatif, artinya apabila kondisi suhu, kelembaban dan curah hujan meningkat, maka jumlah kasus COVID-19 akan menurun. Kesimpulan bahwa ada hubungan antara iklim (suhu, kelembaban dan curah hujan) dengan kasus COVID-19 di Kota Bandung. Mekanisme yang mendasari hubungan tersebut adalah adanya pengaruh iklim terhadap kelangsungan hidup dan penyebaran virus di lingkungan sebelum masuk ke dalam tubuh host. Selain itu, faktor iklim juga berpengaruh terhadap kerentanan host.                                                


Keywords


COVID-19; Iklim; Lingkungan.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35971/jjhsr.v5i2.18178

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