OPTIMALISASI INDERA PERABA DAN PENDENGARAN DALAM PENGUASAAN ONE-HANDED OVERARM THROW ANAK DENGAN GANGGUAN PENGLIHATAN

Rizky Patria Nevangga, Nurhasan Nurhasan, Abdul Aziz Hakim, Syaifathul Jannah, Niken Sasadhara Sasmita

Abstract


Anak tunanetra memiliki performa aktivitas fisik harian yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan sebaya mereka yang memiliki penglihatan, termasuk olahraga. Anak dengan gangguan penglihatan memiliki gerakan motorik yang tidak ideal karena indera penglihatan penting untuk keakuratan gerakan secara optimal. Faktor yang mempengaruhi derajat tidak idealnya gerakan adalah tingkat gangguan penglihatan, status kelahiran (cukup bulan atau prematur) dan latar belakang pengetahuan tentang kemampuan atau konsep gerakan. Penguasaan keterampilan motorik yang memadai, terutama keterampilan lokomotor dan motorik kasar, berkaitan dengan peningkatan tingkat aktivitas fisik selama prasekolah, anak, dan remaja. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SLB A YPAB Surabaya di mana dalam mengajarkan gerakan melempar, guru hanya memberikan instruksi secara lisan dan sesekali mengarahkan tangan ke arah bola untuk mengambil bola, namun tidak untuk menuntun anak melakukan gerakan tersebut. Hal ini kemungkinan disebabkan karena tidak adanya tenaga pendidik pelajaran kesehatan jasmani sehingga kurang memiliki pengetahuan tentang gerakan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi keefektifitasan 2 metode pelatihan, yaitu pelatihan menggunakan indera pendengaran saja dan menggunakan indera pendengaran dan peraba pada tingkat penguasaan gerakan one-handed overarm throw serta respon psikologis subjek yang nantinya dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pertimbangan penyusunan metode pengajaran gerakan pada siswa sekolah dasar dengan gangguan penglihatan. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan adanya tingkat penguasaan yang lebih baik pada siswa yang diberikan pelatihan menggunakan indera pendengaran dan peraba dibandingkan dengan pendengaran saja. Secara psikologis, siswa dengan pelatihan menggunakan indera peraba dan pendengaran menunjukkan respon yang lebih positif.

Keywords


siswa; gangguan penglihatan; penguasaan gerakan

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37311/jjsc.v5i1.17719

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