Antioxidant Activity of Carica pubescens Seed Extracts Using Different Extraction Solvents

Elok Widayanti; Retno Ikayanti; Nurma Sabila

doi:10.37311/jsscr.v8i2.38090

Antioxidant Activity of Carica pubescens Seed Extracts Using Different Extraction Solvents

Elok Widayanti, Retno Ikayanti, Nurma Sabila

Abstract

Mountain papaya (Carica pubescens) is one of Indonesia’s native plants that grows in the highlands of Dieng, Wonosobo. Its seeds are commonly regarded as agricultural waste and have not been widely utilised, although they may contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant potential. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Carica pubescens seed extracts obtained using different extraction solvents. This laboratory experimental study employed the reflux extraction method using four solvents: water, 70% ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane. The extraction process was carried out for 3 hours. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method with UV–Vis spectrophotometry at 517 nm, and the activity was expressed as the IC₅₀ value. The antioxidant activity was classified based on the IC₅₀ criteria applied in this study: very strong (<50 ppm), strong (50–100 ppm), moderate (100–150 ppm), weak (150–200 ppm), and very weak (>200 ppm). The ethanol extract showed the strongest antioxidant activity among the tested extracts, with an IC₅₀ value of 122.9486 ppm, indicating moderate antioxidant activity. In contrast, the water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts showed very weak antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values greater than 200 ppm. One-way ANOVA showed a significant effect of extraction solvent on the antioxidant activity of Carica pubescens seed extracts (p < 0.001). These findings indicate that ethanol is the most suitable solvent among those tested for extracting antioxidant-active compounds from Carica pubescens seeds.

Keywords

Carica pubescens; DPPH; IC₅₀; antioxidant activity; reflux extraction; solvent polarity; UV–Vis spectrophotometry

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37311/jsscr.v8i2.38090

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