Focus and Scope

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi is a national journal intended as a communication forum for mathematicians and other scientists from many practitioners who use mathematics in the research. Euler disseminates new research results in all areas of mathematics and their applications. Besides research articles, the journal also receives survey papers that stimulate research in mathematics and its applications. The scope of the articles published in this journal deal with a broad range of mathematics topics, including:

• Mathematics
• Applied Mathematics
• Statistics and Probability
• Applied Statistics
• Education of Mathematics
• Mathematics Learning
• Computational Mathematics
• Science and Technology
• Computer Science
• Artificial Intelegence
• Optimization

Section Policies

Articles

Open Submissions

Indexed

Peer Reviewed

Peer Review Process

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi applies a rigorous, fair, and confidential double-blind peer review process, in which the identities of authors and reviewers are concealed from each other.

All submissions undergo initial editorial screening to assess their relevance, originality, scientific quality, and compliance with journal policies. Manuscripts proceeding to peer review are evaluated by at least two independent reviewers with relevant expertise. Additional reviewers may be appointed when necessary.

Reviewers assess scientific novelty, methodological rigor, validity of findings, analytical depth, and scholarly contribution. Their recommendations may include Accept, Minor Revision, Major Revision, or Reject. Final decisions are made independently by the Editor-in-Chief or an authorized editor, considering reviewer reports, scientific merit, and publication ethics.

All submissions undergo plagiarism screening using appropriate similarity-detection software. Similarity reports are evaluated by the editorial team and do not independently establish plagiarism.

Manuscript language requirements follow the journal's current Author Guidelines. Accepted articles are published under an open-access model, providing immediate and permanent free access for reading and downloading.

The journal follows relevant Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) principles to ensure transparency, confidentiality, and editorial independence throughout the publication process.

Publication Frequency

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi publishes three regular issues annually, scheduled for April, August, and December, and implements a Continuous Publication model through In Progress Issues.

1. Annual Publication Schedule

Euler follows the regular publication schedule below:

This three-issue annual publication schedule has been effective since 2025.

2. Continuous Publication and In Progress Issues

Euler implements Continuous Publication, allowing accepted articles to be published individually once they have completed peer review, editorial approval, copyediting, proofreading, and final production.

Each forthcoming issue may be opened in advance as an In Progress Issue, enabling publication-ready articles to appear online before the issue's scheduled publication month.

For example, articles assigned to the August issue may be published in June or July, provided they have completed all required publication processes.

Articles published within an In Progress Issue constitute the final Version of Record (VoR) and receive their definitive volume, issue, article identification or page range, DOI, and actual online publication date, as applicable.

Once published, these articles are immediately accessible and citable. Additional articles may be added progressively until the issue is completed.

3. Submission and Editorial Process

Euler accepts submissions throughout the year.

All manuscripts undergo initial editorial screening. Suitable manuscripts proceed to double-blind peer review by at least two independent external reviewers with relevant expertise who are not members of the journal's editorial board.

Accepted manuscripts enter the production process and are published when editorially ready.

4. Publication Assignment and Timing

The editorial team determines issue assignment based on manuscript readiness, publication capacity, and editorial considerations.

Acceptance does not guarantee publication in a specific issue or within a fixed timeframe.

Publication decisions and scheduling remain independent of Article Processing Charges (APCs), institutional affiliations, and other non-scientific considerations.

5. Publication Integrity and Open Access

Articles published through Continuous Publication are considered formally published and must not be withdrawn or silently replaced after online publication.

Any necessary post-publication changes are governed by Euler's Correction and Retraction Policy.

All published articles are immediately and freely accessible without subscription or embargo under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Euler is committed to maintaining accurate publication metadata, persistent article identifiers, and transparent publication records.

Open Access Policy

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi is a fully open-access journal. All published articles are freely and immediately available to everyone without subscription, registration, payment, or embargo. This policy supports the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) principle of making scholarly research openly accessible to the public.

Readers may read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, and link to published articles without requesting prior permission. Reuse of published content is governed by the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) . This license permits sharing, redistribution, and adaptation for noncommercial purposes, provided that appropriate credit is given to the original authors and publication source, a link to the license is provided, and any modifications are indicated.

Authors retain copyright in their published articles and grant Euler the non-exclusive right of first publication. Commercial reuse requires separate permission from the relevant copyright holders, unless otherwise permitted by applicable law.

Archiving

This journal utilizes the LOCKSS system to create a distributed archiving system among participating libraries and permits those libraries to create permanent archives of the journal for purposes of preservation and restoration. More...

Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi is a peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal published by the Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia.

The journal is committed to scientific integrity, originality, transparency, editorial independence, and responsible scholarly publishing in accordance with relevant principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

This statement establishes the ethical responsibilities of editors, reviewers, authors, and the publisher.

1. Duties of Editors

Publication Decisions. Editors evaluate manuscripts based on scientific originality, methodological rigor, validity of findings, scholarly significance, relevance, and ethical compliance. Final decisions are made independently by the Editor-in-Chief or an authorized editor, considering reviewers' recommendations.

Fair Evaluation. Manuscripts must be evaluated without discrimination or preferential treatment based on authors' personal characteristics, institutional affiliations, or other factors unrelated to scientific merit.

Confidentiality. Editors must protect unpublished manuscripts, reviewer reports, and editorial correspondence from unauthorized disclosure or use.

Conflicts of Interest. Editors must disclose relevant interests and withdraw from handling manuscripts when impartiality could be compromised. Submissions involving editorial personnel must be independently managed.

Research Integrity. Editors must assess credible ethical concerns fairly, provide affected parties an opportunity to respond, and take appropriate corrective action.

Editorial Independence. Publication decisions must not be influenced by publication fees, sponsors, institutional interests, or other inappropriate external pressures.

2. Duties of Reviewers

Scientific Evaluation. Reviewers must provide objective, constructive, timely, and evidence-based assessments within their areas of expertise.

Confidentiality. Manuscripts and unpublished findings must remain confidential and must not be used for personal advantage.

Conflicts of Interest. Reviewers must disclose relevant competing interests and decline assignments when independent judgment cannot be maintained.

Professional Conduct. Reviews must be respectful, scientifically justified, and free from personal criticism, coercive citations, or discriminatory statements.

Ethical Concerns. Suspected plagiarism, data manipulation, duplicate publication, or other misconduct must be reported confidentially to the editor.

Artificial Intelligence. Reviewers must not use generative AI to evaluate manuscripts, prepare review reports, or formulate recommendations. Confidential manuscripts must not be uploaded to external generative AI platforms.

Reviewers must comply with the journal's Reviewer Guidelines and Peer Review Process.

3. Duties of Authors

Reporting Standards. Authors must present original research accurately, supported by appropriate mathematical arguments, scientific methods, reliable data, and valid analyses.

Originality and Plagiarism. Plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, and misrepresentation of research findings are prohibited. All relevant sources must be properly acknowledged.

Duplicate Publication. Simultaneous submission to multiple journals and misleading redundant publication are prohibited. Relevant preprints, theses, conference papers, and related publications must be disclosed.

Authorship and Contributions. All listed authors must meet the journal's authorship requirements, approve the manuscript, and accept scholarly accountability. Gift, guest, ghost, and coercive authorship are prohibited.

Data Availability and Reproducibility. Authors must provide appropriate information on research data, methods, computational codes, and supporting materials to facilitate scientific verification, subject to legitimate restrictions.

Research Ethics. Studies involving human participants, animals, or confidential data must comply with applicable ethical approval, informed consent, privacy, and legal requirements.

Conflicts of Interest and Funding. Authors must disclose relevant financial and non-financial interests, funding sources, and funders' roles where applicable.

Artificial Intelligence. Substantive generative AI use must be disclosed and independently verified. AI tools cannot be listed as authors. Human authors remain fully responsible for their research.

Intellectual Property. Authors must respect copyright, licensing conditions, and third-party rights.

Fundamental Errors. Authors must promptly notify the journal of significant errors identified after publication and cooperate with necessary corrective actions.

4. Duties of the Publisher

The Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, supports ethical scholarly publishing, editorial independence, transparent journal management, and preservation of the scientific record.

The publisher must provide appropriate editorial infrastructure, support the implementation of publication ethics policies, and cooperate with relevant institutions when serious ethical concerns arise.

Financial, institutional, and administrative interests must not improperly influence editorial decisions.

5. Handling Publication Ethics Violations

Credible allegations of plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, authorship misconduct, citation manipulation, peer review manipulation, or other ethical violations will be assessed fairly and confidentially.

The editorial team may request clarification, examine supporting evidence, consult independent experts or relevant institutions, and provide affected authors an opportunity to respond.

Depending on the evidence and publication status, appropriate actions may include manuscript rejection, correction, expression of concern, or retraction.

Good-faith reports, including credible anonymous allegations, will be considered. Honest scientific errors and legitimate academic disagreements must not automatically be classified as misconduct.

Complaints and appeals will be handled through independent and documented editorial procedures.

6. Post-Publication Integrity

Euler supports constructive scientific discussion, independent verification, and responsible correction of published research.

Significant errors or ethical concerns affecting published articles will be addressed transparently through appropriate corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions, following relevant COPE guidance.

7. Final Provisions

All authors, reviewers, editors, and publishing personnel must comply with this statement and the journal's related editorial policies.

Euler is committed to maintaining scientific credibility, research integrity, and responsible scholarly communication across mathematics, science, technology, and related disciplines.

Editor-in-Chief
Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi
Department of Mathematics
Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia

Abstracting and Indexing

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi is indexed, registered, or discoverable through the following scholarly databases, indexing services, directories, and library catalogues:

1. SINTA — Science and Technology Index

2. Google Scholar

3. GARUDA — Garba Rujukan Digital

4. Indonesia OneSearch

5. BASE — Bielefeld Academic Search Engine

6. WorldCat

7. ROAD — Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources

8. Dimensions

Journal Identification

• Journal Title: Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi

• Print ISSN: 2087-9393

• Online ISSN: 2776-3706

• Publisher: Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia

• Official Website: https://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/Euler/index

The journal's inclusion in these services supports the visibility, discoverability, and accessibility of its scholarly publications.

Article Processing Charges (APCs) and Author Fees

Since Volume 14, Issue 1 (2026), Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi has applied the following Article Processing Charges (APCs) and author fees:

1. Article Processing Charges (APCs)

The applicable APC category is determined by the corresponding author's institutional affiliation at the time of manuscript submission.

APCs support editorial management, manuscript screening, peer review coordination, copyediting, publication production, open-access dissemination, and general journal operations, including the processing of manuscripts that are ultimately rejected.

APCs are payable only after formal acceptance for publication. No APC is charged for rejected manuscripts. Payment instructions will be provided following the official acceptance decision.

2. Manuscript Translation

English is the official language of publication in Euler. Manuscripts written in Bahasa Indonesia may undergo initial editorial screening and peer review in their original language. However, all accepted manuscripts must be available in English before publication.

Following acceptance, authors may choose one of the following options:

1. Journal-Coordinated Translation: Authors may use the translation service coordinated by Euler for an additional fee of IDR 250,000 per manuscript.

2. Independent Professional Translation: Authors may arrange translation independently. A translation certificate issued by an officially recognized translation institution or certified translation service provider must accompany the translated manuscript. No Euler translation fee applies to independently translated manuscripts.

Authors remain responsible for ensuring that the translated manuscript accurately preserves its scientific content, mathematical formulations, research findings, terminology, and conclusions.

3. APC Waiver Policy

Euler does not currently offer APC waivers or discounts.

4. Editorial Independence

All editorial decisions are based exclusively on scientific merit, originality, methodological rigor, validity of findings, relevance, and publication ethics.

APC payments, translation arrangements, and authors' financial circumstances do not influence peer review outcomes or manuscript acceptance decisions.

All applicable payments must be made through the journal's official payment channels.

Withdrawal Policy

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi (Euler) recognizes that authors may have legitimate reasons to withdraw a manuscript. However, authors are strongly discouraged from withdrawing manuscripts without substantive justification after editorial assessment, peer review, or publication preparation has commenced, as such actions unnecessarily consume editorial resources, reviewers' time, and journal operational costs.

The journal distinguishes between withdrawals supported by legitimate scientific, ethical, or exceptional circumstances and withdrawals requested without reasonable justification.

1. Withdrawal During Initial Screening

Authors may request manuscript withdrawal before the external peer review process begins.

No withdrawal fee will be imposed at this stage. The manuscript will be recorded as Withdrawn in the journal's editorial system.

2. Withdrawal During Peer Review or Revision

Authors requesting withdrawal during peer review or revision must provide a written explanation and confirmation of agreement from all co-authors.

Where withdrawal is requested without substantive justification after the peer review process has commenced, Euler may apply an administrative withdrawal charge equivalent to 50% of the applicable Article Processing Charge (APC), provided that the charge was clearly disclosed and accepted before manuscript processing.

The charge is intended to contribute to documented editorial administration and peer review coordination costs already incurred. It is not a payment for reviewers' recommendations or a condition for obtaining a particular editorial decision.

No withdrawal penalty will be imposed when the request is supported by legitimate scientific errors, ethical concerns, authorship disputes, or exceptional circumstances beyond the authors' reasonable control.

3. Withdrawal After Acceptance but Before Publication

Withdrawal requests received after formal acceptance, including during copyediting, layout, or production, must be submitted in writing to the Editor-in-Chief with an explanation of the reasons for withdrawal.

Where withdrawal is requested without substantive justification, Euler may apply an administrative charge equivalent to 75% of the applicable APC, subject to the journal's previously disclosed payment terms and a proportionate assessment of the circumstances.

Any APC already paid must be taken into account to avoid duplicate charges for the same editorial and production services.

Withdrawal requests supported by significant scientific or ethical concerns will be assessed without an additional withdrawal penalty. Any existing APC payment obligations will be handled separately under the Author Fees Policy.

4. Assessment of Withdrawal Requests

The Editor-in-Chief or an appropriately independent editor will assess withdrawal requests on a case-by-case basis.

The assessment will consider the manuscript's editorial stage, the reasons for withdrawal, the editorial resources already committed, relevant supporting information, and any exceptional circumstances.

An absence of substantive justification does not automatically constitute publication misconduct.

Authors must be given an opportunity to explain their circumstances before any administrative charge or other consequential action is finalized.

The journal will communicate its decision and any applicable charges in writing.

5. Withdrawal After Publication

Once an article has been published, including online publication, it forms part of the scholarly record. Requests concerning published articles will be handled under the journal's Correction and Retraction Policy, rather than the manuscript withdrawal procedure.

Corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions will be assessed independently of financial considerations.

No additional withdrawal penalty will be imposed as a condition for correcting or retracting published research.

6. Withdrawal Procedure

Requests must be submitted by the corresponding author through a formal letter signed by all authors and addressed to the Editor-in-Chief via the journal's official email address.

Each request must include the manuscript title, submission ID, reasons for withdrawal, and confirmation of all co-authors' agreement.

The journal may request further clarification where necessary.

A manuscript is officially withdrawn when the editorial office issues written confirmation. Administrative charges or payment disputes must not be used to prevent necessary withdrawal or research-integrity actions.

Authors may appeal an administrative withdrawal decision through the journal's complaints and appeals procedure.

7. Editorial Independence

Withdrawal requests and associated administrative matters must be handled fairly, transparently, and independently of scientific editorial decisions.

Any withdrawal charges must be disclosed before manuscript submission, applied consistently, and administered separately from peer review and manuscript acceptance decisions.

Euler will not impose automatic restrictions on authors or their institutions solely for requesting manuscript withdrawal. Suspected deliberate misuse of the submission process will be addressed separately under the journal's publication ethics procedures.

Plagiarism Policy

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi is committed to maintaining scientific originality and academic integrity in accordance with relevant Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) principles. Plagiarism, inappropriate text recycling, and misrepresentation of existing research as original work are strictly prohibited.

1. Plagiarism Screening

All submitted manuscripts are screened using Turnitin. Euler applies an overall Similarity Index below 25% as a general editorial screening requirement, with appropriate exclusions for references and properly identified quotations.

Manuscripts exceeding or failing to meet this threshold may be returned for revision or rejected following editorial assessment.

Similarity scores are screening indicators, not definitive evidence of plagiarism. Manuscripts below the threshold are not automatically considered plagiarism-free.

2. Evaluation of Similarity

Editors assess the sources, extent, and context of similarities, considering properly cited material, established scientific terminology, standard mathematical notation, formulas, and methodological descriptions.

Similarity exclusions must be applied consistently. Substantial unattributed copying may constitute plagiarism regardless of the overall similarity percentage.

3. Prohibited Practices

Plagiarism and unacceptable publication practices include:

1. Copying or paraphrasing text without proper acknowledgment.

2. Presenting others' ideas, theories, mathematical proofs, algorithms, methods, or findings as original work.

3. Reusing data, figures, tables, computational results, or research materials without appropriate attribution or permission.

4. Inappropriate reuse of previously published material, including undisclosed self-plagiarism.

5. Duplicate or redundant publication without proper disclosure.

4. Preprints and Previous Publications

Relevant preprints, conference papers, theses, dissertations, and related publications must be disclosed and appropriately cited.

Prior dissemination does not automatically constitute plagiarism or duplicate publication, provided that the submitted manuscript demonstrates sufficient originality and complies with the journal's publication ethics requirements.

5. Editorial Actions

When suspected plagiarism is identified, editors may request clarification, manuscript revision, additional screening, or supporting evidence.

Substantiated serious plagiarism may result in manuscript rejection or referral to relevant institutions. Authors will be given an appropriate opportunity to respond before consequential decisions are finalized.

Plagiarism identified after publication will be addressed under the journal's Allegations of Research Misconduct Policy and Correction and Retraction Policy, potentially resulting in a correction, expression of concern, or retraction.

Euler handles plagiarism concerns fairly, independently, and in accordance with relevant COPE guidance.

Authorship and Contributorship Policy

1. General Principles

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi requires authorship to reflect genuine intellectual contributions, transparency, and scholarly accountability.

The journal adopts the four authorship criteria recommended by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and uses the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT) to describe individual contributions.

2. Authorship Requirements and Criteria

Euler accepts manuscripts authored by at least two individuals. Single-authored manuscripts are not accepted.

All listed authors must satisfy all four authorship criteria:

1. Make substantial contributions to the conception or design of the research, or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of research data.

2. Participate in drafting the manuscript or critically revising its important intellectual content.

3. Approve the final version of the manuscript.

4. Accept accountability for the accuracy and integrity of the research.

Authors must not be added solely to satisfy the minimum authorship requirement. Individuals who do not meet all four criteria should be acknowledged rather than listed as authors.

3. Author Contributions

All manuscripts must include an Author Contributions Statement using relevant CRediT roles:

Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Writing – original draft; and Writing – review and editing.

Authors may perform multiple roles, and individual roles may be shared among authors.

CRediT roles describe contributions but do not independently establish authorship eligibility.

4. Author Order and Corresponding Author

All authors must agree on their authorship order before submission.

The corresponding author is responsible for editorial communication, accurate submission metadata, confirmation of co-author approval, required declarations, and responses to legitimate post-publication inquiries.

All authors remain accountable for their contributions and the integrity of the published work.

5. Changes in Authorship

Requests to add, remove, or rearrange authors after submission must include a written explanation and agreement from all affected authors.

Changes before publication require editorial approval. Justified changes after publication may require a formal correction.

Any authorship change must preserve the journal's authorship requirements. Unresolved disputes may be referred to relevant institutions.

6. Unacceptable Authorship Practices

Gift, guest, ghost, coercive, and misleading authorship practices are prohibited.

Funding acquisition, general supervision, administrative assistance, language editing, proofreading, or professional translation alone does not establish authorship eligibility.

Non-author contributions may be acknowledged with appropriate permission.

7. Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools cannot be listed as authors or co-authors.

Substantive generative AI use must be disclosed in accordance with the journal's Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy. Human authors remain fully responsible for all manuscript content.

8. Authorship Disputes and Compliance

Authorship disputes should primarily be resolved by the authors and their relevant institutions.

Euler may request supporting documentation, suspend editorial processing, or take appropriate action when credible authorship concerns arise.

This policy follows relevant ICMJE, CRediT, and Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) principles.

Conflicts of Interest Policy

1. General Principles

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi requires authors, reviewers, editors, editorial personnel, and the publisher to disclose and appropriately manage any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest that may influence scientific judgment or publication decisions.

Conflicts may involve financial, personal, professional, academic, institutional, or intellectual interests. A conflict of interest does not automatically constitute misconduct but must be transparently disclosed and managed.

2. Responsibilities of Authors

All manuscripts must include a Conflict of Interest Statement covering all authors.

When no relevant conflicts exist, authors should state:

“The authors declare no conflicts of interest.”

Relevant conflicts must be clearly described. Research funding and funders' roles must be disclosed separately when applicable.

Authors must update their declarations if relevant circumstances change.

3. Responsibilities of Reviewers

Reviewers must disclose relevant conflicts before accepting or continuing a review assignment and decline or withdraw when impartiality cannot reasonably be maintained.

Confidential manuscript information must not be used for personal, academic, professional, or financial advantage.

4. Responsibilities of Editors

Editors must disclose relevant conflicts and withdraw from handling manuscripts when their impartiality may be compromised.

Submissions involving editors, editorial board members, or closely connected individuals must be handled independently by an appropriately qualified editor.

Editorial decisions must be based exclusively on scientific merit, originality, methodological rigor, validity of findings, relevance, and publication ethics.

5. Journal and Publisher Responsibilities

Euler and the Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, must safeguard editorial independence.

Institutional affiliations, sponsorship, Article Processing Charges (APCs), and other financial or administrative interests must not improperly influence peer review or publication decisions.

6. Management of Conflicts of Interest

When conflicts are identified, the editorial team may request clarification, appoint independent reviewers or editors, exclude conflicted individuals from decisions, document appropriate management measures, or publish relevant disclosures.

Conflicts involving the Editor-in-Chief must be handled by an appropriately independent person.

A disclosed and appropriately managed conflict does not automatically justify manuscript rejection.

7. Undisclosed Conflicts and Post-Publication Actions

Undisclosed conflicts will be assessed fairly and proportionately. Published articles may require updated disclosures or formal corrections.

Retraction will be considered only when justified under the journal's Correction and Retraction Policy, not solely because a conflict was undisclosed.

8. Final Provisions

Euler follows relevant Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) principles concerning competing interests and requires transparent, consistent, and independent management of conflicts throughout the publication process.

Post-Publication Discussion Policy

1. General Principles

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi encourages open, constructive, and evidence-based scientific discussion after publication in accordance with relevant Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) principles.

Published research remains subject to independent verification, scholarly criticism, alternative interpretations, and further scientific development.

2. Scope of Discussion

Post-publication discussions may address scientific theories, mathematical proofs, research methods, statistical analyses, computational algorithms, numerical simulations, experimental findings, educational research, reproducibility, and scientific limitations.

All comments must be supported by sound scientific reasoning, verifiable evidence, or relevant scholarly literature.

3. Submission of Comments

Authors, researchers, and readers may submit comments through the journal's official communication channels.

Submissions should identify the published article, explain the scientific concern, provide supporting evidence or references, identify the contributor, and disclose relevant conflicts of interest.

Personal attacks, harassment, unsupported accusations, and irrelevant material are unacceptable.

4. Editorial Assessment

Editors assess submitted comments based on scientific relevance, methodological validity, evidentiary support, scholarly significance, and ethical compliance.

Independent experts may be consulted, and substantive scientific comments may undergo peer review.

Legitimate scientific criticism must not be rejected solely because the original authors disagree with it.

5. Author Responses

Authors of the original article will normally be offered an opportunity to respond to substantive comments, clarify findings, provide supporting evidence, or acknowledge errors.

Failure to respond does not prevent the publication of scientifically justified criticism or necessary editorial action.

6. Publication of Comments and Replies

Euler may publish Comments, Discussions, Letters to the Editor, and Author Replies, subject to editorial assessment.

Published contributions must clearly identify and, where technically feasible, be linked to the original article.

Scientific comments and replies do not replace formal corrections, expressions of concern, or retraction notices when such actions are necessary.

7. Ethical Standards and Editorial Independence

All participants must maintain professional communication, disclose relevant conflicts of interest, and respect confidentiality.

Editors must handle discussions independently and distinguish legitimate scientific disagreements or honest errors from research misconduct.

8. Final Provisions

Concerns involving suspected misconduct or unreliable published findings will be handled under Euler's Allegations of Research Misconduct Policy and Correction and Retraction Policy.

Euler supports responsible post-publication discussion to strengthen scientific transparency, research integrity, and the reliability of the scholarly record.

Correction and Retraction Policy

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, and integrity of the scholarly record in accordance with relevant Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Retraction Guidelines.

1. Corrections

Corrections may be issued when errors are identified in published articles but do not invalidate their principal findings or conclusions.

These may include errors in mathematical equations, proofs, calculations, statistical analyses, computational results, figures, tables, methodological descriptions, authorship information, or disclosures.

A formal correction notice will identify the errors, explain the amendments, and be linked to the original article. Substantive changes must not be made without appropriate documentation.

2. Expressions of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued when credible and serious questions arise regarding the reliability or integrity of a published article, but the available evidence remains inconclusive or an investigation is ongoing.

The notice will describe the concerns objectively, remain publicly accessible, and be linked to the affected article. Further action will be considered when sufficient evidence becomes available.

3. Retractions

An article may be retracted when its principal findings are unreliable or serious publication ethics violations justify retraction.

Grounds may include:

• Fundamental mathematical, methodological, statistical, or computational errors invalidating principal findings.

• Fabrication or falsification of research data or results.

• Substantial plagiarism or duplicate publication.

• Compromised peer review.

• Serious research ethics violations.

• Other significant problems undermining the reliability or integrity of the published work.

Authors will ordinarily be given an opportunity to respond, although their agreement is not required when sufficient grounds for retraction exist.

A formal retraction notice will identify the article and explain the reasons. The original article will generally remain accessible, prominently marked RETRACTED, and linked to the notice.

Retraction is intended to correct the scholarly record, not to punish authors.

4. Article Removal

Published articles may be removed from public access only in exceptional circumstances involving serious legal, privacy, confidentiality, or safety concerns that cannot be adequately addressed through correction or retraction.

Where legally permissible, the bibliographic record will remain accessible with an explanation of the removal.

5. Reporting and Editorial Procedures

Authors, reviewers, readers, and other parties may report significant errors or ethical concerns through the journal's official communication channels.

The editorial team will assess available evidence, seek author clarification, consult independent experts or relevant institutions when necessary, and determine appropriate corrective action.

Decisions must be fair, evidence-based, independent, and proportionate. Editors with relevant conflicts of interest must not handle affected cases.

6. Transparency and Policy Implementation

Corrections, Expressions of Concern, and Retractions will be clearly identified, publicly accessible, and appropriately linked to affected articles. Relevant DOI metadata and indexing records will be updated where technically feasible.

This policy applies to all published articles, including articles published within In Progress Issues. Manuscripts not yet published are governed separately by the Manuscript Withdrawal Policy.

Post-publication corrective actions must not be conditioned on withdrawal penalties, APC payments, or outstanding administrative charges.

This policy should be read together with Euler's Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement, Post-Publication Discussion Policy, and Allegations of Research Misconduct Policy.

Ownership and Management Information

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi is a peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal published and institutionally managed by the Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia.

The Department of Mathematics serves as the journal's publisher and provides institutional, administrative, and technical support for its sustainable operation and publication activities.

Euler is managed by an editorial team comprising the Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board, and Managing Editors, with the following responsibilities:

• Editor-in-Chief: Oversees editorial policies, scientific quality, publication ethics, and independent editorial decision-making.

• Editorial Board: Supports manuscript evaluation, peer review, scientific development, and the implementation of editorial standards.

• Managing Editors: Coordinate manuscript administration, editorial workflows, communication, and publication management.

All editorial decisions are made independently based on scientific originality, methodological rigor, validity of findings, scholarly contribution, relevance, and ethical compliance.

The publisher, journal management, and affiliated institutions must not improperly influence editorial decisions. Article Processing Charges (APCs), sponsorship, institutional interests, and other financial or administrative considerations do not determine manuscript acceptance or rejection.

Euler is committed to transparent journal governance, responsible scholarly publishing, and relevant Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) principles, particularly those concerning journal management, editorial independence, and conflicts of interest.

Further information is available through the journal's official website:

• Editorial Team

• Journal Contact

• Journal Website

Allegations of Research Misconduct Policy

1. General Principles

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi is committed to maintaining research integrity and responsible scholarly publishing in accordance with relevant Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) principles.

All credible allegations involving submitted or published manuscripts will be assessed fairly, objectively, confidentially, and without unnecessary delay.

Suspected misconduct must be distinguished from substantiated violations, honest scientific errors, and legitimate academic disagreements.

2. Types of Research and Publication Misconduct

Research and publication misconduct may include:

1. Fabrication: Inventing research data, experimental observations, mathematical findings, or computational results.

2. Falsification: Manipulating data, research procedures, mathematical analyses, experiments, simulations, or findings.

3. Plagiarism: Using another researcher's ideas, theories, mathematical proofs, algorithms, methods, data, or text without proper acknowledgment.

4. Duplicate Publication: Submitting or publishing substantially overlapping research without appropriate disclosure.

5. Authorship Misconduct: Improperly including, excluding, changing, or misrepresenting authors.

6. Citation Manipulation: Manipulating references or citations for inappropriate personal, institutional, or journal-related benefits.

7. Peer Review Manipulation: Compromising independent peer review through fraudulent identities, fabricated reviews, or other deceptive practices.

8. Undisclosed Conflicts of Interest: Failing to disclose relevant competing interests when required.

9. Research Material Misrepresentation: Deliberately misrepresenting datasets, research instruments, computational codes, mathematical derivations, or supporting evidence.

10. Other Serious Ethical Violations: Conduct substantially compromising research integrity or publication ethics.

3. Reporting Allegations

Authors, reviewers, readers, institutions, and other parties may report suspected misconduct through the journal's official communication channels.

Reports should identify the manuscript or published article, explain the concern, and provide relevant supporting evidence.

Credible anonymous reports will be considered when supported by verifiable information.

Good-faith reporting must be protected against retaliation. Knowingly false or malicious allegations are unacceptable.

4. Assessment and Investigation

The Editor-in-Chief or an appropriately independent editor will:

1. Assess the credibility of the allegation and supporting evidence.

2. Examine relevant manuscripts, editorial records, research data, mathematical arguments, or computational findings.

3. Provide affected authors with an appropriate opportunity to respond.

4. Consult independent experts or refer serious concerns to relevant institutions when necessary.

5. Determine appropriate editorial action based on the available evidence.

Editors with conflicts of interest must withdraw from handling the case.

Formal institutional investigations remain the responsibility of the relevant institutions, while Euler retains responsibility for editorial decisions and the integrity of its published record.

5. Editorial Actions

Depending on the evidence and publication status, Euler may request clarification or revision, suspend editorial processing, reject a manuscript, refer concerns to relevant institutions, or issue a Correction, Expression of Concern, or Retraction for published articles.

Unsupported allegations may be dismissed. All actions must be proportionate, evidence-based, and consistent with the journal's Correction and Retraction Policy.

Restrictions on future submissions may be considered only for substantiated serious misconduct following fair procedures, not automatically because an allegation has been submitted.

6. Confidentiality and Documentation

All parties must be treated fairly, and confidential information must be protected to the extent reasonably possible.

The journal will maintain appropriate records of allegations, supporting evidence, correspondence, investigations, and editorial decisions.

Significant new evidence may justify reconsideration of a previous decision.

7. Complaints and Appeals

Affected individuals may request reconsideration based on relevant new evidence, significant factual errors, procedural irregularities, or conflicts of interest.

Appeals will be assessed independently in accordance with the journal's Complaints and Appeals Policy.

8. Final Provisions

This policy must be implemented consistently with Euler's Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement, Plagiarism Policy, Authorship and Contributorship Policy, Conflicts of Interest Policy, and Correction and Retraction Policy.

Its primary purpose is to protect scientific integrity, ensure fair editorial procedures, and maintain confidence in the scholarly record.

Manuscript Types

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi welcomes original, scientifically rigorous manuscripts in mathematics, applied mathematics, statistics, mathematics education, computational science, computer science, artificial intelligence, optimization, and related fields of science and technology within the journal's aims and scope.

The journal accepts the following manuscript types:

1. Original Research Articles

Original Research Articles present novel and significant findings that advance scientific knowledge, theory, methodology, or practical applications.

Contributions may include new mathematical theories, rigorous proofs, analytical methods, statistical models, computational algorithms, numerical investigations, experimental findings, educational research, or innovative scientific and technological applications.

Manuscripts must demonstrate clear scientific novelty, methodological rigor, sufficient analytical depth, and meaningful scholarly contributions.

Theoretical studies require valid mathematical reasoning and proofs. Computational and numerical studies must provide appropriate verification and interpretation. Empirical and educational studies must demonstrate sound research design, reliable data, and valid analysis.

2. Review Articles

Review Articles provide comprehensive, critical, and analytical evaluations of existing research within the journal's scope.

They must go beyond descriptive summaries by synthesizing previous findings, identifying theoretical or methodological limitations, examining unresolved problems, and presenting meaningful scientific insights.

Systematic literature reviews and bibliometric studies may be considered when they demonstrate transparent methodology, critical analytical depth, originality of synthesis, and significant scholarly contributions.

3. General Requirements and Peer Review

All manuscripts must comply with the journal's aims and scope, Author Guidelines, scientific standards, and publication ethics.

Euler accepts manuscripts authored by at least two individuals, each of whom must satisfy the journal's authorship criteria. Single-authored manuscripts are not accepted, and adding authors solely to meet this requirement is prohibited.

All submissions undergo initial editorial screening. Suitable manuscripts proceed to double-blind peer review by at least two independent reviewers.

Editorial decisions are based on scientific merit, originality, methodological rigor, validity of findings, relevance, and ethical compliance.

The editorial team may recommend manuscript reclassification when appropriate.

Manuscript type, institutional affiliation, academic reputation, or payment of publication fees does not guarantee acceptance.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy

1. General Principles

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi requires responsible, transparent, and accountable use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in research and scholarly publishing in accordance with relevant Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) principles.

This policy applies to authors, reviewers, editors, and editorial personnel.

2. AI Use by Authors

Authors may use AI-assisted tools for manuscript preparation, language editing, and research activities, provided scientific originality, methodological validity, accuracy, and confidentiality are maintained.

Substantive generative AI use must be disclosed. Authors must independently verify AI-assisted mathematical formulations, scientific analyses, computational results, references, and conclusions.

Fabricated references, unsupported scientific claims, manipulated findings, and unverified AI-generated results are prohibited.

AI tools cannot be listed as authors or co-authors. Human authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of their manuscripts.

3. AI Use Declaration

Authors must identify the generative AI tools used and explain their specific purposes. When AI contributes to research methods, analyses, or findings, its use must also be documented in the relevant methodology section.

If generative AI was used:

“The authors used [AI tool name and version, if available] for [specific purpose]. All AI-assisted content was independently reviewed and verified by the authors, who take full responsibility for the manuscript.”

If generative AI was not used:

“The authors declare that no generative AI tools were used in the preparation of this manuscript.”

Routine spelling correction, conventional grammar checking, reference management, and non-generative formatting tools generally do not require disclosure.

4. AI Use by Reviewers

Euler strictly prohibits reviewers from using generative AI to evaluate manuscripts, assess unpublished research, verify scientific findings, generate review reports, or formulate editorial recommendations.

Confidential manuscripts and review materials must not be uploaded to external generative AI platforms.

Review reports must reflect independent human scientific judgment.

Conventional mathematical, statistical, and computational software may be used for independent verification when confidentiality is maintained.

5. AI Use by Editors

Editors must independently evaluate scientific merit and make editorial decisions.

Confidential manuscripts, reviewer reports, and unpublished research materials must not be uploaded to external generative AI platforms.

AI must not independently determine manuscript acceptance, revision, or rejection.

Appropriate automated tools may support routine editorial administration without compromising confidentiality or editorial independence.

6. AI in Scientific and Computational Research

AI techniques, including machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, optimization algorithms, and AI-based computational models, may be used as legitimate research methodologies when scientifically justified.

Authors must adequately document relevant algorithms, model architectures, datasets, parameters, training procedures, software configurations, validation methods, and performance measures, as applicable.

AI-based research findings must be supported by appropriate theoretical justification, experimental evidence, or methodological validation.

AI used as a research methodology must be distinguished from generative AI used for manuscript preparation.

7. Policy Violations

Undisclosed substantive generative AI use, fabricated AI-generated findings, unauthorized disclosure of confidential materials, or other violations may result in requests for clarification, manuscript rejection, termination of review assignments, or appropriate post-publication action.

Suspected violations will be assessed fairly under Euler's Allegations of Research Misconduct Policy and Correction and Retraction Policy.

Permitted, properly disclosed, and scientifically verified AI use does not automatically constitute misconduct.

8. Final Provisions

AI must support, rather than replace, human scientific reasoning, accountability, and independent editorial judgment.

This policy should be read together with Euler's Author Guidelines, Authorship and Contributorship Policy, Reviewer Guidelines, Peer Review Process, and Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement.

Euler may periodically revise this policy to reflect developments in AI technologies and scholarly publishing ethics.

Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi is indexed, registered, or discoverable through:

EDITORIAL OFFICE OF EULER: JURNAL ILMIAH MATEMATIKA, SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI
	Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo Jl. Prof. Dr. Ing. B. J. Habibie, Tilongkabila, Kabupaten Bone Bolango, Gorontalo 96554, Indonesia
	Email: [email protected]
	+62 87777-586462 (WhatsApp Only)
	Euler: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi p-ISSN: 2087-9393 | e-ISSN: 2776-3706 Published by Department of Mathematics , Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia. Article Copyright: Copyright in individual published articles is retained by the respective authors. Authors grant Euler the non-exclusive right of first publication. Article License: All published articles are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) . This license permits sharing and adaptation for noncommercial purposes with appropriate attribution. Website Copyright: Copyright notices applying to the journal website or its administrative content are separate from the copyright and licensing terms of individual published articles. For further information, please refer to the Copyright Notice and Open Access Policy . Powered by Public Knowledge Project OJS .