Please read and understand these Author Guidelines before preparing and submitting a manuscript. Authors must follow the journal template and all requirements stated below. Manuscripts that do not comply with the guidelines or use a different format may be returned or rejected by the editorial team before peer review. The official manuscript template is available in the Template and Author Guidelines section.
Authors should download the Microsoft Word template, save it as a new document, and prepare the manuscript directly using the template. Manuscripts may be written in English or Bahasa Indonesia.
The journal is carried out by using Zotero as a Tool Reference Manager and referencing style uses the Chicago Manual of Style 18th Edition (Notes and Bibliography with ibid subsequent).
Title
The title should be concise, specific, informative, and accurately reflect the main focus of the article. It should be written in Cambria, 18-point font, and preferably contain no more than 15 words. The title should avoid unnecessary subtitles, unexplained acronyms, names or numbers of regulations, institutional names, and research locations unless such elements are essential to the analysis. Authors are encouraged to use specific and searchable academic terms to improve the visibility and discoverability of the article. The manuscript must also include the authors’ names, institutional affiliations, email addresses, and clear identification of the corresponding author.
Abstract
The abstract should be clear, concise, and descriptive. It should briefly explain the research problem or background, the objective of the article, the research method, the principal findings, the novelty or main contribution, and the theoretical, legal, practical, or policy implications of the study. The abstract must be written in one paragraph using Cambria, 10-point font, single spacing, and contain between 150 and 250 words. It should not include citations, footnotes, tables, figures, or unexplained abbreviations.
Keywords
Authors should provide a minimum of three and a maximum of five keywords arranged alphabetically and separated by semicolons. The keywords should represent the main concepts discussed in the article and use specific and standardized academic terminology. Overly general terms, acronyms, names of regulations, institutions, and research locations should be avoided. Keywords should also not merely repeat all words already used in the title.
Introduction
The introduction should clearly explain the legal issue, research background, significance of the study, and relevant previous research. It should identify the principal research problem, critically review relevant previous studies, describe the state of the art, establish the research gap, explain the novelty of the article, state the research objective, and clarify the theoretical and/or practical contribution.
Previous studies should not merely be listed or described. Authors are expected to compare, evaluate, and synthesize the literature in order to explain what has already been studied, what remains unresolved, and how the present article contributes to the existing body of knowledge. The final paragraph of the introduction should clearly state the research objective, research gap, novelty, and expected contribution of the article.
Method
The method section should clearly explain the research design and the approaches used in the article. For normative or doctrinal legal research, authors should describe the type of legal research, the approaches applied, such as statutory, case, conceptual, comparative, or historical approaches, the types and sources of legal materials, the method of collecting those materials, and the method of analysis.
For empirical or socio legal research, authors should also explain the research setting, participants or informants, data collection procedures, data analysis techniques, and relevant ethical considerations. The method section should not merely mention the name of an approach but should explain how the approach was applied to answer the research question.
Analysis and Discussion
The Analysis and Discussion section is the main part of the article and should present a systematic, critical, and original analysis. It should directly answer the research objectives, present the main findings or legal arguments, emphasize the novelty of the article, compare the findings with relevant previous studies, and explain how the findings develop, confirm, or differ from the existing literature.
The discussion should demonstrate the author’s own analysis and should not be limited to descriptions, summaries, or quotations. Authors should also explain the theoretical implications and the legal, practical, institutional, or policy implications of the findings. Descriptions of regulations, court decisions, or scholarly opinions must be followed by critical interpretation and analysis. Direct quotations should be used selectively and only where necessary.
Tables, Figures and Diagrams
Tables, figures, diagrams, matrices, and illustrations may be used where they strengthen the analysis and improve the clarity of the article. Each supporting instrument should be relevant to the research objective, provide analytical value, be numbered consecutively, have a clear title or caption, and identify the source of the data. Any abbreviations, symbols, or categories should be clearly explained.
Tables and figures should be understandable independently, referred to explicitly in the text, and interpreted by the author. They should not merely repeat information already presented in the manuscript. In legal research, supporting instruments may include comparison tables, regulatory matrices, comparisons of court decisions, state-of-the-art matrices, policy diagrams, or conceptual frameworks.
Conclusion
The conclusion should directly answer the research objective and should not merely repeat the abstract or summarize the discussion. It should clearly present the principal findings, the main theoretical or legal contribution, the practical or policy implications, the limitations of the research, specific recommendations where appropriate, and directions for future research.
The conclusion should not introduce new data, references, or arguments that have not been discussed in the article. Recommendations should be specific, realistic, and directly derived from the research findings.
References
The journal uses the Chicago Manual of Style, 18th Edition (Notes and Bibliography with ibid subsequent). Authors should cite only sources that have been read and used in the manuscript. All sources cited in the footnotes must appear in the reference list, and all sources included in the reference list must be cited in the manuscript.
The manuscript must contain at least 25 scholarly references, excluding legislation and court decisions. The references should be dominated by peer-reviewed journal articles, prioritize primary and recent academic sources, and include relevant articles from reputable international journals. Authors are encouraged to use publications from the last five years, except where foundational theories, classical legal sources, or historically important materials are required.
Unreliable websites, blogs, anonymous online materials, and non-academic sources should not be used as principal references. DOI information should be included where available, and the reference list must be arranged alphabetically.
Authors are required to use a reference management application, such as Zotero. However, authors remain responsible for checking the accuracy and completeness of author names, titles, publication years, journal volumes and issues, page numbers, DOI information, and other bibliographic details.
The citation quick guide can be found at: Notes and Bibliography Style (chicagomanualofstyle.org)
Language and Academic Style
The manuscript should use clear, formal, consistent, and academically appropriate language. Authors should ensure consistency in the use of legal and academic terminology, accuracy of grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure, as well as clear transitions between paragraphs and sections.
Sentences should be effective, readable, and free from unnecessary repetition. Informal, subjective, promotional, or exaggerated expressions should be avoided. The manuscript must also remain consistent with the official journal template.
Manuscripts written in English by authors whose first language is not English should undergo academic proofreading before submission.
Guideline for Online Submission
Author should first register as Author and/or is offered as Reviewer through the following address:
Submissions (ung.ac.id)Author should fulfil the form as detail as possible where the star marked form must be entered. After all form textbox was filled, Author clicks on Register button to proceed the registration. Therefore, Author is brought to online author submission interface where Author should click on New Submission. In the Start a New Submission section, go to step one of the five-step submission process. The following are five steps in online submission process:
Step 1 - Starting the Submission: Select the appropriate section of journal, i.e. Original Research Articles or Review Article. Thus, author must check-mark on the submission checklists.
Step 2 - Uploading the Submission: To upload a manuscript to this journal, click Browse on the Upload submission file item and choose the manuscript document file to be submitted, then click Upload button.
Step 3 - Entering Submission’s Metadata: In this step, detail authors metadata should be entered including marked corresponding author. After that, manuscript title and abstract must be uploaded by copying the text and paste in the textbox including keywords.
Step 4 - Uploading Supplementary Files: Supplementary file should be uploaded including Covering/Submission Letter, the proofread evidence, and Signed Copyright Transfer Agreement Form. Therefore, click on Browse button, choose the files, and then click on Upload button.
Step 5 - Confirming the Submission: Author should final check the uploaded manuscript documents in this step. To submit the manuscript to JELTA journal, click Finish Submission button after the documents is true. The corresponding author or the principal contact will receive an acknowledgement by email and will be able to view the submission’s progress through the editorial process by logging in to the journal web address site.
After this submission, Authors who submit the manuscript will get a confirmation email about the submission. Therefore, Authors are able to track their submission status at any time by logging in to the online submission interface. The submission tracking includes the status of manuscript review and editorial process.
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