Familial Support and Medication Adherence in Hypertension: A Comparative Evaluation at Two Indonesian Hospitals

Marta Halim, Aries Meryta

Abstract


Hypertension remains a leading global risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. While lifelong pharmacological therapy is essential, poor medication adherence is a critical challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the association between familial support and medication adherence among hypertensive patients through a comparative analysis at X Hospital and Y Hospital. Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, 350 respondents were recruited via purposive sampling. Data were collected utilizing a validated Family Support Questionnaire and the Probabilistic Medication Adherence Scale (ProMAS). Descriptive analysis showed a high prevalence of familial support at both X Hospital (85.3%) and Y Hospital (87.0%). However, Chi-square tests revealed a significant difference in medication adherence levels ($p < 0.001$), with Y Hospital reporting a higher proportion of "High Adherence" (84.5%) compared to X Hospital (33.3%). Despite this baseline difference, Spearman’s rank correlation demonstrated a significant positive relationship between familial support and adherence at both X Hospital ($r = 0.250$, $p = 0.004$) and Y Hospital ($r = 0.317$, $p < 0.001$). The primary limitations of this study are its cross-sectional design and reliance on purposive sampling, which restrict causal inferences. In conclusion, stronger family engagement is significantly associated with better medication adherence across different healthcare settings.

Keywords


Hypertension; Medication adherence; Family support; ProMAS; Pharmaceutical care; Cross-sectional study

Full Text:

PDF

References


S. Goorani, S. Zangene, and J. D. Imig, “Hypertension: A continuing public healthcare issue,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 26, no. 1, art. no. 123, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010123

C. Richardson, S. J. Battle, and D. J. DiPette, “Population-based approaches to increase hypertension control: An urgent need,” Hypertension Research, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-024-02022-w

J. Farrar and T. R. Frieden, “WHO global report on hypertension 2025,” The Lancet, vol. 406, no. 10517, p. 2318, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)02208-1

J. S. Lee et al., “Antihypertensive medication adherence and medical costs, health care utilization, and labor productivity among persons with hypertension,” medRxiv, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.04.15.24305866

T. Robberechts, M. Stoenoiu, M. Burnier, and A. Persu, “Optimizing drug adherence in hypertension: More than a mind game,” Kardiologia Polska, vol. 82, no. 3, p. 259, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.33963/v.phj.99493

Z. Aini, H. N. Suardi, F. Dewi, T. Ibrahim, I. Waraztuty, and V. D. Mulia, “Family support and medication adherence in patients in Prolanis Program,” Majalah Kedokteran Bandung, vol. 57, no. 3, p. 203, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v57.4004

N. P. Padmaningsih and A. W. Budiman, “Analysis of factors affecting the adherence level of hypertensive patients in taking medication: A systematic review,” Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, vol. 4, no. 4, p. 7110, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i4.22046

H. Herlina, R. Mardhiati, and R. Pangestika, “Dominant factors of adherence with taking medicine in elderly hypertensive patients,” MAGNA MEDICA: Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 199–210, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.26714/magnamed.10.2.2023.199-210

C. R. Soares and M. F. P. Okuno, “Factors associated with medication adherence and therapeutic barriers: Relationship with social support in the elderly,” Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental Online, vol. 16, p. 1, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v16.13016

M. Kleppe, J. Lacroix, J. Ham, and C. Midden, “The development of the ProMAS: A probabilistic medication adherence scale,” Patient Preference and Adherence, vol. 9, pp. 355–367, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S76749

A. O. Agbaje, A. R. Barker, and T. Tuomainen, “Cumulative muscle mass and blood pressure but not fat mass drives arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness progression in the young population and is unrelated to vascular organ damage,” Hypertension Research, vol. 46, no. 4, p. 984, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-022-01065-1

S. Li, I. Tan, E. Atkins, A. E. Schutte, and S. R. Gnanenthiran, “The pathophysiology, prognosis and treatment of hypertension in females from pregnancy to post-menopause: A review,” Current Heart Failure Reports, vol. 21, no. 4, p. 322, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-024-00672-y

M. T. Islam et al., “Role of the Health Belief Model in the management of hypertension: A systematic review,” Cureus, vol. 17, no. 10, art. no. e94139, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.94139

J. Nfor and D. Warri, “Factors influencing medication adherence among hypertensive patients: A qualitative study,” Research Square, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4294186/v1

A. Gast and T. Mathes, “Medication adherence influencing factors: An updated overview of systematic reviews,” Systematic Reviews, vol. 8, art. no. 112, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-019-1014-8




DOI: https://doi.org/10.37311/ijpe.v6i2.38522

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Marta Halim, Aries Meryta

Creative Commons License
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.