Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan sintesis dari literatur ilmiah yang berfokus pada program latihan gymnastics anak usia dini. Studi ini mengkaji 7 artikel ilmiah yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi yang diterapkan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa program latihan gymnastics umumnya diawali dengan pemanasan dan peregangan, dilanjutkan latihan inti yang mencakup gerakan sederhana seperti berjalan, berlari, melompat hingga teknik dasar seperti forward roll, handstand, dan jumping, serta diakhiri dengan peregangan. Durasi latihan berkisar antara 35-90 menit per sesi, dengan frekuensi 2-3 kali per minggu selama 6-16 minggu. Manfaat yang diperoleh meliputi peningkatan kekuatan otot, fleksibilitas, keseimbangan, fungsi eksekutif, dan keterampilan sosial-emosional. Kesimpulan, program latihan yang dirancang secara menyenangkan dan aman dapat memotivasi anak untuk aktif berpartisipasi. Gymnastics menawarkan potensi besar untuk mendukung perkembangan fisik, kognitif, dan sosial anak, sehingga menjadi pilihan yang direkomendasikan bagi anak usia dini.

gymnastics; program latihan; anak usia dini

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Bull, F. C., Al-Ansari, S. S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M. P., Cardon, G., Carty, C., Chaput, J. P., Chastin, S., Chou, R., Dempsey, P. C., Dipietro, L., Ekelund, U., Firth, J., Friedenreich, C. M., Garcia, L., Gichu, M., Jago, R., Katzmarzyk, P. T., … Willumsen, J. F. (2020). World Health Organization 2020 Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour. in British Journal of Sports Medicine, 4(24), 1451–1462. BMJ Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955

Contreras-Osorio, F., Campos-Jara, C., Martínez-Salazar, C., Chirosa-Ríos, L., & Martínez-García, D. (2021). Systematic Review Effects of Sport-Based Interventions on Children’s Executive Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Brain Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci

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Deineko, A., Prusik, K., Krasova, I., Batieieva, N., & Marchenkov, M. (2022). Game stretching as a modern means of developing the flexibility of 5–6-year-old female gymnasts. Slobozhanskyi Herald of Science and Sport, 3(26), 88–94. https://doi.org/10.15391/snsv.2022-3.005

Dönmez, V., & Bavlı, Ö. (2020). Investigation of the Effect of Eight Weeks Gymnastic Training on Biomotor Skills of Children. GYMNASIUM, 21(1), 42–49. https://doi.org/10.29081/gsjesh.2020.21.1.04

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Honchar, L., Gantcheva, G., Borysova, Y., & Kovalenko, N. (2022). The Influence of the “Rhythmic Gymnastics For Preschoolers” Program on the Culture of Movement in 5-6-Year-Old Children. Science of Gymnastics Journal, 14(3), 311–322. https://doi.org/10.52165/sgj.14.3.311-322

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Jiang, R., Xie, C., Shi, J., Mao, X., Huang, Q., Meng, F., Ji, Z., Li, A., & Zhang, C. (2021). Comparison of physical fitness and mental health status among school-age children with different sport-specific training frequencies. PeerJ, 9. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10842

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Napo, P. (2024). Rhythmic Gymnaastics: Exploring Its Benefits And Contributions In The World Of Education (A Literature Review). Jurnal Pendidikan Mandala, 9(1), 68–76. http://ejournal.mandalanursa.org/index.php/JUPE/index

Özer, Ö., Soslu, R., Devrilmez, E., Uyhan, O., Devrilmez, M., & Dogan, I. (2024). The Effects of Gymnastics Training on Flexibility and Strength in Children. Science of Gymnastics Journal, 16(2), 289–304. https://doi.org/10.52165/sgj.16.2.289-304

Pushkina, N. (2024). Developing Social Skills Through Rhythmic Gymnastics in American sport. Futurity of Social Sciences, 2(2), 79–102. https://doi.org/10.57125/fs.2024.06.20.05

Reaboi, N. (2023). Training of Cognitive Skills in Rhythmic Gymnastics at the Initial Stage of Sports Training to 5-6-year-old Children. The Annals of Dunarea de Jos University of Galati Fascicle XV Physical Education and Sport Management, 1, 179–186. https://doi.org/10.35219/efms.2023.1.18

Straker, R., Exell, T. A., Farana, R., Hamill, J., & Irwin, G. (2022). Biomechanical responses to landing strategies of female artistic gymnasts. European Journal of Sport Science, 22(11), 1678–1685. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2021.1976842

Suying, W., Promthep, K., Duangkam, J., Sukityarn, P., & Khantiyu, Y. (2024). The Effect of Happy Gymnastics Program on 3-6 Years Old Children’s Balance in Haian Foreign Language Kindergarten. Journal of Roi Kaensarn Academi, 9(9), 496–507.

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Wyatt, H. E., Gittoes, M. J. R., & Irwin, G. (2020). Sport-specific musculoskeletal growth and postural control in female artistic gymnasts: a 12 month cohort study. Sports Biomechanics, 19(2), 258–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2018.1469662

Yıldırım, M. (2023a). Comparison of the Effects of Basic Movement Training and Gymnastic Programs on Gross Motor Skills in Children. International Journal of Eurasian Education and Culture, 8(23), 2353–2362. https://doi.org/10.35826/ijoecc.778

Yıldırım, M. (2023b). Comparison of the Effects of Basic Movement Training and Gymnastic Programs on Gross Motor Skills in Children. International Journal of Eurasian Education and Culture, 8(23), 2353–2362. https://doi.org/10.35826/ijoecc.778

Yu, W., Feng, D., Zhong, Y., Luo, X., Xu, Q., & Yu, J. (2024). Examining the Influence of Warm-Up Static and Dynamic Stretching, as well as Post-Activation Potentiation Effects, on the Acute Enhancement of Gymnastic Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. In Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (Vol. 23, Issue 1, pp. 156–176). Journal of Sport Science and Medicine. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2024.156

Zhang, J., Lu, J., Sun, Y., & Li, J. (2024). Recreational gymnastics exercise of moderate intensity enhances executive function in Chinese preschoolers: A randomized controlled trial. PsyCh Journal, 13, 954–965. https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.786