APAKAH METODE LATIHAN AQUATIC PLYOMETRIC DAPAT MENINGKATKAN PERFORMA ATLET: SEBUAH KAJIAN LITERATUR
Abstract
Penggunaan media kolam air dalam beberapa tahun terakhir semakin populer dikalangan pelatih. Salah metode yang digunakan yaitu penggunaan metode latihan aquatic plyometric. Latihan plyometric tradisonal sering kali membuat atlet cedera. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dampak penggunaan latihan aquatic plyometric dalam meningkatkan performa dan mencegah cedera. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan pustaka, dengan mengumpulkan artikel dari database ilmiah seperti Scopus, PubMed, dan Google Scholar, menggunakan kata kunci seperti “Aquatic plyometric, “performa”, dan “cedera otot”. Dalam dua bahasa, dengan rentang tahun publikasi 2016–2024. Penelusuran dibantu oleh aplikasi Publish or Perish. Pemilihan artikel mengikuti tahapan PRISMA: (1) mendefinisikan topik dan kriteria, (2) menentukan sumber informasi, (3) memilih literatur relevan, (4) mengumpulkan artikel, dan (5) menganalisis artikel. Hasil dari penelitian ini sebanyak 324 diidentifikasi, dimana 9 memenuhi syarat dan kriteria kelayakan sepenuhnya ditinjau. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa latihan aquatick plyometric dapat menjadi alternatif yang efektif dalam meningkatkan performa atlet dengan risiko cedera yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan latihan plyometric di darat. Meskipun demikian, latihan di darat masih lebih unggul dalam meningkatkan beberapa aspek kinerja fisik tertentu, seperti lompatan reaktif. Penelitian ini menyarankan bahwa ketinggian air dan variasi latihan aquatic plyometric memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan performa atlet. Ketinggian air yang berbeda dapat memengaruhi tingkat resistensi dan daya apung, yang pada akhirnya berdampak pada efektivitas latihan dalam mengembangkan kekuatan eksplosif, kecepatan, dan daya tahan otot. Selain itu, variasi dalam latihan aquatic plyometric, seperti penggunaan beban tambahan atau modifikasi gerakan, dapat memberikan stimulus yang lebih optimal bagi adaptasi fisik atlet.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37311/jhsj.v7i2.31039
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