PENGARUH LATIHAN CROSSFIT TERHADAP KEKUATAN DAN KETAHANAN FISIK ATLET PANAHAN

Kadek Arry Anderzen, I Ketut Agus Artha, Komang Jenika Puspayoni, Luh Herry Novayanti

Abstract


Kekuatan dan ketahanan fisik merupakan komponen fundamental yang menentukan stabilitas postural dan konsistensi performa atlet panahan selama kompetisi, sementara pendekatan latihan yang mampu mengembangkan kedua komponen tersebut secara efisien masih menjadi tantangan dalam program pembinaan atlet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh latihan CrossFit terhadap kekuatan dan ketahanan fisik atlet panahan serta membandingkan efektivitasnya dengan latihan konvensional. Penelitian menggunakan desain true experimental dengan pendekatan randomized controlled trial pada 50 atlet panahan dengan karakteristik (purposive sampling) usia lebih dari 15 Tahun, pengalaman lebih dari 1 tahun, tidak mengalami cedera, dan merupakan anggota Persatuan Panahan Indonesia (PERPANI) Buleleng yang kemudian dibagi ke dalam kelompok CrossFit (n=25) dan kelompok latihan konvensional (n=25), dengan intervensi selama 12 minggu dan frekuensi empat sesi per minggu. Instrumen pengukuran meliputi push-up, back strength, leg strength, grip strength, sit-up, plank endurance, dan cooper test, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks dan Mann-Whitney U melalui perhitungan gain score serta effect size. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok CrossFit mengalami peningkatan signifikan pada seluruh delapan variabel (p < 0,05), sementara kelompok latihan konvensional hanya menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada enam variabel, dengan analisis gain score menegaskan keunggulan CrossFit pada seluruh parameter (p < 0,001) dan effect size besar hingga sangat besar (r = 0,577–0,858), di mana leg strength memiliki nilai effect size tertinggi (r = 0,858). Latihan CrossFitterbukti lebih efektif dibandingkan latihan konvensional dalam meningkatkan kekuatan dan ketahanan fisik atlet panahan serta memberikan implikasi praktis bagi pengembangan program pembinaan atlet yang lebih efisien dan komprehensif.

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Keywords


atlet panahan; CrossFit; kekuatan fisik; ketahanan fisik

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37311/jhsj.v8i1.34619

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