Identifying the Fetal Heart Rate and gender with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Total edge Magic Labelling

Pradeepa Aruchamy, Pralahad Mahagaonkar, Gomathi Ganesan, Prasantha Bharathi Dhandapani, Nisky Imansyah Yahya

Abstract


The application of Intuitionistic fuzzy total edge magic labelling to a graphical image at the 20th week of gestation provides insights into facilitates gender prediction as well as assessment of fetal blood flow on a second-trimester Doppler ultrasound screen. Ultrasounds screen the fetal heart rate during the 20th week of gestation using Doppler ultrasound for blood flow. A fetal heart rate above 2.5 beats per second suggests a female baby, while a rate less than 2.5 beats per second indicates a male baby. We convert the fetal heart blood flow into a graphical image and label it using intuitionistic fuzzy total edge magic labelling.


Keywords


Intuitionistic fuzzy; Total edge; Magic labelling; Fetal blood flow; Fetal heart rate

Full Text:

PDF

References


A.S. Afolabi and M. Miswanto, “Mathematical Modeling, Optimal Control and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Diphtheria Transmission Dynamics," Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM), vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 88–108, 2025. DOI:10.37905/jjbm.v6i2.30851

D. Ajay, J. Joseline Charisma, and P. Chellamani, “Fuzzy magic and bi-magic labelling of intuitionistic path graph," International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 11508–11512, 2019. DOI:10.35940/ijrte.D4302.118419

J. O. Akanni et al., “A Non-linear Fractional Model for Analyzing the Impact of Vaccination on the Dynamics of COVID-19 in Indonesia," Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM), vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 109–128, 2025. DOI:10.37905/jjbm.v6i2.30383

M. Akram and W. A. Dudek, “Intuitionistic fuzzy hypergraphs with applications," Information Sciences, vol. 218, pp. 182–193, 2013. DOI:10.1016/j.ins.2012.06.024

M. Akram and R. Akmal, “Intuitionistic fuzzy graph structures," Kragujevac Journal of Mathematics, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 219–237, 2017.

T. Al-Hawary and B. Hourani, “On intuitionistic product fuzzy graphs," Ital. J. Pure. Appl. Math., vol. 2017, no. 38, pp. 113–126, 2017.

R. B. Annavarapu, K. Makwana, and B. P. S. Jadon, “Modeling the Impact of Toxicants on a Plankton-Fish System with Gompertz Growth Function", Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM), vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 129–141, 2025. DOI:10.37905/jjbm.v6i2.30824

Y. Ashkenazi, “Wheel as an edge-magic graph," International Journal of Pure and Apllied Mathematics, vol. 89, no. 4, pp. 583–590, 2013. DOI:10.12732/ijpam.v89i4.12

K. T. Atanassov, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets, Springer, pp. 1–137 1999. DOI:10.1007/978-3-7908-1870-3_1

R. Balakrishnan and K. Ranganathan, A Textbook of Graph Theory. New York: Springer New York, 2012, ISBN:978-1-4614-4528-9. DOI:10.1007/978-1-4614-4529-6

E. A. Bender and S. G. Williamson, Lists, Decisions and Graphs. 2010.

J. A. Bondy and U. S. R. Murty et al, Graph Theory with Applications. Great Britain:The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1976.

N. Deo, Graph Theory with Applications to Engineering and Computer Science. New York: Courier Dover Publications, 2017.

P. B. Dhandapani et al., “A Hybrid Fuzzy Mathematical Programming Approach for Manufacturing Inventory Models with Partial Trade Credit Policy and Reliability," Axioms, vol. 13, no. 11, p. 743, 2024. DOI:10.3390/axioms13110743

P. B. Dhandapani et al., “Optimizing Inventory Costs in Manufacturing Systems Using Trapezoidal and Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers," Journal of Mathematics, vol. 2025, no. 1, p. 4040646, 2025. DOI:10.1155/jom/4040646

M. Fathalian, R. A. Borzooei, and M. Hamidi, “Fuzzy magic labeling of simple graphs," Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing, vol. 60, pp. 369–385, 2019. DOI:10.1007/s12190-018-01218-x

R. M. Figueroa-Centeno, R. Ichishima, and F. A. Muntaner-Batle, “On super edge-magic graphs," Ars Combinatoria, vol. 64, pp. 81–95, 2002.

J. A. Gallian, “A dynamic survey of graph labeling," Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 2018.

A. N. Gani, R. J. Hussain, and S. Y. Mohamed, “Irregular intuitionistic fuzzy graph," IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM), vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 47–51, 2014. DOI:10.9790/5728-0964751

J. Hyett et al., “Abnormalities of the heart and great arteries in chromosomally normal fetuses with increased nuchal translucency at 11–13 weeks of gestation," Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 245–250, 1996. DOI:10.1046/j.1469-0705.1996.07040245.x

P. Kundu and U. K. Mallick, “Cost-effectiveness with Optimal Strategies for Enhancing Population Birth Rate Trends in Japan," Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM), vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 71–87, 2025. DOI:10.37905/jjbm.v6i2.30983

T. Mathivanan et al., “Monkeypox: A New Mathematical Model Using the Caputo–Fabrizio Fractional Derivative," Fractals, 2025. DOI:10.1142/S0218348X25401280

M. Pal, S. Samanta, and G. Ghorai, Modern Trends in Fuzzy Graph Theory. Springer, 2020.

TGE, “Heart Rate Gender Prediction," https://thegenderexperts.com/pages/heart-rate-gender-prediction, Accesed on 17 March 2025




DOI: https://doi.org/10.37905/jjbm.v6i2.30951

Copyright (c) 2025 Pradeepa Aruchamy, Pralahad Mahagaonkar, Gomathi Ganesan, Prasantha Bharathi Dhandapani, Nisky Imansyah Yahya

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) has been indexed by:

EDITORIAL OFFICE OF JAMBURA JOURNAL OF BIOMATHEMATICS

 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Jl. Prof. Dr. Ing. B. J. Habibie, Moutong, Tilongkabila, Kabupaten Bone Bolango 96554, Gorontalo, Indonesia
 Email: [email protected]
 Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) by Department of Mathematics Universitas Negeri Gorontalo is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Powered by Public Knowledge Project OJS.