PENGARUH WAKTU PENYULINGAN UAP TERHADAP RENDEMEN, KOMPOSISI KIMIA, DAN KEPATUHAN SNI MINYAK SERAI WANGI (Cymbopogon nardus)
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu penyulingan uap terhadap rendemen, komposisi kimia, dan kepatuhan SNI minyak serai wangi (Cymbopogon nardus). Bahan baku berupa batang dan daun serai wangi disuling menggunakan alat distilasi uap skala pilot plant dengan variasi waktu 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 6 jam. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu penyulingan berpengaruh nyata terhadap rendemen dan indeks bias, tetapi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap bobot jenis dan kelarutan dalam etanol 80%. Rendemen tertinggi diperoleh pada lama penyulingan 4 jam sebesar 0,74%, kemudian menurun pada 5–6 jam. Nilai indeks bias meningkat dari 1,4733 (2–3 jam) menjadi 1,4807 (6 jam), sementara bobot jenis dan kelarutan masih memenuhi SNI 06-3953-1995. Hasil analisis GC–MS menunjukkan kandungan sitronelal sebesar 30,93% dan geraniol sebesar 23,04%, keduanya belum mencapai ambang SNI. Dengan demikian, penyulingan selama 4 jam direkomendasikan sebagai durasi optimal untuk menghasilkan rendemen tinggi dengan mutu fisikokimia yang sesuai standar.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37905/jjft.v7i03.35305
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